This study is designed to investigate the relationship among learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness of students for agri-food education in vocational high schools. This study adopted methods of document analysis and questionnaire survey. Samples were purposive selected from 14 vocational high schools in Taiwan. A total of 660 questionnaires were distributed, and 520 valid ones were retrieved with the effective response rate at 78.788%. SPSS and AMOS were then used for frequency distribution, percentage, mean, standard deviation, t-test, one-way ANOVA, product-moment correlation, multiple regression, and Structural Equation Modeling. The major findings were as follows:
1. Biological male students had significantly higher awareness of self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than biological female students.
2. Third grade students had significantly higher awareness of earning attitude and learning effectiveness than second grade students.
3. Students with a (level C or B) license had significantly higher awareness of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than those without a license..
4. Students had participated in activities related to agri-food education or workplace internship experience had significantly higher awareness of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than those without relevant experience.
5. Students participated in creative production competitions and skills competitions had significantly higher awareness of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than those did not participate in competitions.
6. After graduation, students having planned for further studies were significantly more aware of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than undecided or employed ones.
7. Students whose parents' highest education level was university were significantly more aware of learning attitude than those whose parents' highest education level was high school.
8. Public school students were significantly more aware of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than private school students.
9. Students attending schools in the central region were significantly more aware of learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness than those in the northern region and Yihua East region.
10. Self-efficacy had a mediating effect between learning attitude and learning effectiveness. Agri-food education learning attitude could affect students' agri-food education learning effectiveness through agri-food education self-efficacy.
11. The SEM constructed for the learning attitude, self-efficacy and learning effectiveness in agri-food education efficacy showed a general fit.
According to the above conclusions, some suggestions to educational authorities, teachers and future research are provided.