猜猜看誰把醃肉帶回家了：補助款利益在縣市分配的分析_

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題名：	猜猜看誰把醃肉帶回家了：補助款利益在縣市分配的分析
書刊名：	人文及社會科學集刊
作者：	羅清俊
作者(外文)：	Luor, Ching-jyuhn
出版日期：	2000
卷期：	12:1
頁次：	頁1-45
主題關鍵詞：	分配政策；分配理論；美國國會；補助款；臺灣省政府；臺灣省議會；Distributive policies；Distributive theory；Congress；Taiwan Provincial Assembly；Taiwan Provincial Government；Grant
原始連結：	連回原系統網址
相關次數：	被引用次數:期刊(27) 博士論文(1) 專書(1) 專書論文(4) 排除自我引用:19 共同引用:22 點閱:149

本研究以分配理論分析77至84會計年度台灣省政府補助款在縣市的分配情形，藉以觀察民意機構、行政機構與政策利益分配之間的關係，並同時檢證分配理論所提出的假設。我們利用匯集橫斷面與時間序列分析模型依序分析第8屆省議會、第9屆省議會與77至84會計年度（第8屆與第9屆的匯集）期間的省政府補助款分配。
研究結果充分支持分配理論當中的議員平均資深假設以及選戰競爭假設。而縣市長黨籍假設與多數黨議員比例的假設隨著分析期間不同而出現不同的支持程度。不過本文的研究結果並不支持委員會席次假設以及委員會資深的假設。另外，除了政黨在縣市執政權更易的假設與補助款撥發機關首長的更易之外，其他有關於結構改變的假設也沒有獲得充分的支持，甚至於我們預期國民黨籍省議員比例增加的縣市可獲得更多補助款的假設得到相反的分析結果。歸納這些研究發現，我們認為省府補助款分配的結果與「議員資深程度」以及「政黨屬性」相關因素（縣市長黨籍、多數黨議員比例、多數黨議員比例的變動以及政黨在縣市執政權更易）的關係最為密切。未來臺灣地區分配政策的研究應該著重於補助款分配過程中政黨結構運作相關因素以及民意代表資深意涵的探索與驗證。

以文找文

The present study tests hypotheses of distributive theory by looking at the distribution of grants among 21 counties and cities from FY1988 to FY1995, allocated by the Taiwan Provincial Government. Panel models are employed to analyze the expenditure distribution in the time periods of the 8 Taiwan Provinical Assembly, the 9[] Taiwan Provinical Assembly, and from FY1988 to FY1995(combine the 8[] and 9[] TPA), respectively.
First of all, the findins show that seniority and electoral competition of provincial legislators have significantly positive effects on the distribution of provincial grants during the whole time period we observe. Second, the party affiliation of provincial legislators has positive effects in the 8[] TPA, while the party affiliation of county in chief or city mayor has positive effects on the distribution of provincial grants in the 9[] TPA. Third, the committee membership and committee seniority of provincial legislators in the TPA show insignificant impact on the distribution of grants. Fourth, for the effects of structural change, we do find that the change of ruling party in counties or cities leads to change on the distribution of grants. Moreover, the change of chairman in Taiwan Provincial Government makes differences on the amounts of grants that counties and cities receive.
In summary, the distributive politics in Taiwan can be characterized as party-centered or seniority-centered. It does not follow the pattern of standing comittee-centered like the U.S. does. Further distributive studies in Taiwan should aim at exploring the operation of party structures and seniority in the distributing process of policy benefits.

以文找文

期刊論文
1.	Hird, John A.(1991)。The Political Economy of Pork: Project Selection at The U. S. Army Corps of Engineers。American Political Science Review，85(2)，429-456。
2.	Stimson, James A.(1985)。Regression in Space and Time: A Statistical Essay。American Journal of Political Science，29(4)，914-947。
3.	羅清俊(19981200)。分配政策研究的發展與應用。人文及社會科學集刊，10(4)，575-609。延伸查詢
4.	Alder, E. Scott、Lapinski, John S.(1997)。Demand-Side Theory and Congressional Committee Composition: A Constituency Characteristics Approach。American Journal of Political Science，41(3)，895-918。
5.	Carsey, Thomas、Rundquist, Barry(1999)。The Reciprocal Relationship between State Defense Interest and Committee Representation in Congress。Public Choice，99，455-463。
6.	Cox, Gary W.、McCubbins, Matthew D.(1991)。On the Decline of Party Voting in Congress。Legislative Studies Quarterly，16(4)，547-570。
7.	Rich, Michael J.(1989)。Distributive Politics and the Allocation of Federal Grants。American Political Science Review，83(1)，193-213。
8.	Roberts, Brian E.(1990)。A Dead Senator Tells No Lies: Seniority and the Distribution of Federal Benefits。American Journal of Political Science，34(1)，31-58。
9.	Sellers, Patrick J.(1997)。Fiscal Consistency and Federal District Spending in Congressional Elections。American Journal of Political Science，41(3)，1024-1041。
10.	Arnold, R. Douglas(1981)。Legislators, Bureaucrats, and Locational Decision。Public Choice，37，109-132。
11.	Hird, John A.(1990)。Superfund Expenditures and Cleanup Priorities: Distributive Politics or the Public Interest?。Journal of Policy Analysis and Management，9(4)，455-483。
12.	Plott, Charles R.(1968)。Some Organizational Influences on Urban Renewal Decisions。American Economic Review，58，306-321。
13.	Owens, John R.、Wade, Larry L.(1984)。Federal Spending in Congressional Districts。Western Political Quarterly，37，404-432。
14.	Ray, Bruce A.(1982)。Causation in the Relationship between Congressional Position and Federal Spending。Polity，14，676-690。
15.	Ritt, Leonard G.(1976)。Committee Position, Seniority, and the Distribution of Government Expenditures。Public Policy，24，463-489。
16.	Rundquist, Barry S.(1979)。On Testing a Military Industrial Complex Theory。American Political Quarterly，6，29-53。
17.	Strom, Gerald S.(1975)。Congressional Policy Making: A Test of a Theory。Journal of Politics，37，711-735。
18.	Wilson, Rick(1986)。An Empirical Test of Preference for the Political Pork Barrel: District Level Outlays for River and Harbor Legislation, 1899-1913。American Journal of Political Science，30，621-649。
19.	Lowi, Theodore J.(1964)。American Business, Public Policy, Case-Studies, and Political Theory。World Politics，16(4)，677-715。
20.	Bickers, Kenneth N.、Stein, Robert M.(1996)。The Electoral Dynamics of the Federal Pork Barrel。American Journal of Political Science，40(4)，1300-1326。
21.	Levitt, Steven D.、Snyder, James M. Jr.(1995)。Political Parties and the Distribution of Federal Outlays。American Journal of Political Science，39(4)，958-980。
22.	Rhee, Jungho、Lee, Jeon-Hwa、Rundquist, Barry S.、Fox, Sharon、Rundquist, Barry(1997)。Modeling State Representation on Defense Committees in Congress, 1959-1989。American Politics Quarterly，25(1)，35-55。
23.	Decard, Barbara(1972)。State Party Delegations in the U. S. House of Representatives: A Comparative Study of Group Cohesion。Journal of Politics，34，199-222。
24.	Hamman, John A.(1993)。Universalism, Program Development, and the Distribution of Federal Assistance。Legislative Studies Quarterly，18，553-568。
25.	Ray, Bruce A.(1980)。Federal Spending and the Selection of Committee Assignments in the U. S. House of Representatives。American Journal of Political Science，24，494-510。
26.	Rundquist, Barry S.、Griffith, David E.(1976)。An Interrupted Time Series Test of the Distributive Theory of Military Policy-Making。Western Political Quarterly，29，620-626。
27.	Shepsle, Kenneth(1975)。Congressional Committee Assignments: An Optimalization Model with Institutional Constraints。Public Choice，21，55-78。
28.	Bickers, Kenneth N.、Stein, Robert M.(2000)。The Congressional Pork Barrel in a Republican Era。Journal of Politics，62，1070-1086。

會議論文
1.	Rundquist, B.、羅清俊、Lee, Jeong-Hwa(1995)。States and Districts as Units of Analysis in Distributive Studies。Chicago, IL。
2.	Alvarez, R. Michael、Saving, Jason(1994)。Feeding At the Trough: Committees and The Political Economy of Federal Outlays to Congressional Districts。Annual Meeting of Midwest Political Science Association。
3.	Stein, Robert M.、Bickers, Kenneth N.(1992)。Congressional Elections and the Pork Barrel: The Interest Group Connection。88th Annual Meetings of the American Political Science Association，(會議日期: 1992/09/03-06)。Chicago, Illinois。
4.	羅清俊、Rundquist, Barry S.、Lee, Jeong-Hwa(1994)。Testing Distributive Theories Using Bickers' and Steins' Data Book。New York, NY。

研究報告
1.	羅清俊(1998)。分配政治在臺灣地區的初探：臺灣省政府補助款分配之研究。沒有紀錄：行政院國家科學委員會。延伸查詢

學位論文
1.	羅清俊(1995)。The United States Distributive Politics in the 1980s(博士論文)。University of Illinois，Chicago。
2.	Rich, Michael J.(1985)。Congress, Bureaucracy, and the Cities: Distributive Politics and the Allocation of Federal Grants for Community and Economic Development(博士論文)。Northwestern University。
3.	Strom, Gerald S.(1973)。Congressional Policy-Making and the Federal Waste Treatment Construction Grant Program(博士論文)。University of Illinois。
4.	Jungho, Rhee(1994)。The Distributive Politics of Cold War Defense Spending(博士論文)。University o f Illinois at Chicago，Chicago, IL。

圖書
1.	Kiewiet, D. Roderick、McCubbins, Mathew D.(1991)。The Logic of Delegation: Congressional Parties and the Appropriations Process。University of Chicago Press。
2.	Easton, David、Dennis, J.(1965)。A framework for political analysis。Englewood Cliffs, NJ：Prentice-Hall。
3.	林錫俊(1998)。地方財政管理：理論與實務。高雄：復文圖書出版社。延伸查詢
4.	Greene, William H.(1991)。LIMDEP: User's Manual and Reference Guide。New York：Econometric Software, Inc.。
5.	Lowi, Theodore J.(1979)。The End of Liberalism--The Second Republic of United States。New York：W.W. Norton & Company。
6.	Rich, Michael J.(1993)。Federal Policymaking and the Poor: National Goals, Local Choices, and Distributional Outcomes。New Jersey：Princeton University Press。
7.	Arnold, R. Douglas(1979)。Congress and the Bureaucracy: A theory of Influence。New Haven：Yale University Press。
8.	Lasswell, Harold D.(1950)。Politics: Who Gets What, When, and How?。New York, NY：McGraw-Hill Book Company。
9.	Cox, Gary W.、McCubbins, Matthew D.(1993)。Legislative Leviathan。CA：University of California。
10.	Ferejohn, John A.(1974)。Pork Barrel Politics: Rivers and Harbors Legislation, 1947-1968。CA：Stanford University Press。
11.	Stein, Robert M.、Bickers, Kenneth N.(1995)。Perpetuating the Pork Barrel: Policy Subsystems and American Democracy。Cambridge University Press。
12.	Hsiao, Cheng(1986)。Analysis of Panel Data。Cambridge University Press。
13.	Shepsle, K. A.(1978)。The Giant Jigsaw Puzzle: Democratic Committee Assignments in the Modern House。Chicago, IL：University of Chicago Press。

圖書論文
1.	Anagnoson, J. Theodore(1980)。Politics in the Distribution of Federal Grants: The Case of the Economic Development Administration。Political Benefits。MA：Lexington Books。
2.	Arnold, R. Douglas(1981)。The Local Roots of Domestic Policy。New Congress。Washington, DC：American Enterprise Institute。
3.	Ray, Bruce A.(1980)。Congressional Promotion of District Interests: Does Power on the Hill Really make a Difference?。Political Benefits。MA：Lexington Books。
4.	Reid, Norman J.(1980)。Politics, Program Administration, and the Distribution of Grants-in-Aids: A Theory and a Test。Political Benefits。MA：Lexington Books。
5.	Rundquist, Barry S.(1980)。On the Theory of Political Benefits in American Public Programs。Political Benefits。MA：Lexington Books。
6.	Rundquist, Barry S.、Ferejohn, John A.(1975)。Two American Expenditure Programs Compared。Comparative Public Policy。New York：Wiley Inc。

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