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題名：企業倫理決策中道德判斷與懲罰機制對認知失調之研究
書刊名：淡江人文社會學刊
作者：李培齊 引用關係／邱雅徽
作者(外文)：Lii, Peir-chyi／Chio, Ya-whei
出版日期：2000
卷期：5
頁次：頁161-181
主題關鍵詞：企業倫理；認知失調；道德認知發展；Business ethics；Cognitie dissonance；Moral development
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(4) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:43
  • 點閱點閱:91
　　　　　學術界對企業倫理的討論與研究不少，但大多是探討影響企業倫 理決策與行為的因素，以及建立倫理決策的模式，而對於倫理決策與個人結 果之間關係的探討並不多見。在目前的績效考核與會計制度之下，要求企業 從業人員重視企業倫理有其困難之處，因此要讓個人有充分的動力落實企業 倫理，最具說服力的還是與個人有關的種種結果。本論文即從個人面著手， 瞭解個人重視企業倫理與作倫理決策對個人的影響。 從文獻探討中可以發現個人在作企業倫理決策時，時常會有認知失調產生， 而且當有認知失調存在時，可能會影響個人生理上或心理上的健康，並與決 策後的滿意度產生關聯。從有關企業倫理決策與認知失調的文獻探討中，也 可以發現個人的道德認知發展成熟度或倫理事件處理的結果，可能會影響企 業倫理決策中產生認知失調的程度。因此本研究提出兩個假設：一、個人在 處理企業倫理事件後，其認知失調的大小，受(1)選擇處理的方式(2) 企業倫 理事件的懲罰程度(3)個人的道德認知發展階段所共同左右；二、個人在處 理企業倫理事件後，對其處理方式的滿意度，與認知失調的大小成負相關。 本研究以某大學研究所學分班的學生為研究問卷發放的對象，因此回答問卷者多 是企業從業人員。總共取得198份問卷，其中113份有效，以變異數分析及迴歸 分析作檢定，假設一獲得部份支持，假設二則獲得支持。
　　　　　Much research exists in the field of business ethics. Most studies, however, have focused on finding factors which have impacts on ethical judgments and ethical behaviors; or they try to develop ethical decision-making models. The relationship between ethical decisions and personal consequences has rarely been explored. Asking employees to take business ethics seriously under current organizational performance evaluation systems and standard accounting principles is not an easy task. Therefore, personal consequences encountered after ethical decision making situations would be likely to influence employees implementing the principles of business ethics in daily operations. Thus, this article tries to explore the relationship between business ethics judgments and personal consequences. From literature reviews, individuals usually experience cognitive dissonance when encountering ethical decision making situations. How much cognitive dissonance an individual experiences is contingent upon (1) individual's moral development stage and (2) the magnitude of punishment inherent in the ethical decision making situations. Cognitive dissonance would, in turn, affect personal health both psychologically and physically. Therefore, personal satisfaction after resolving ethical situations will probably be related to cognitive dissonance. This study, therefore, hypothesizes the followings: 1. The degree of cognitive dissonance after resolving ethical decision making situations is affected by (1) the way the situation is managed; (2) the magnitude of punishment inherent in the situations; and (3) the individual's moral development stage; 2. A negative relationship exists between the degree of cognitive dissonance and personal satisfaction after resolving the situation. This study surveyed business employees who attended graduate classes of business administration offered by a university. One hundred and ninety-eight subjects were included; of which 113 were effective. ANOVA and regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. Results partially supported the first hypothesis and supported the second hypothesis.
期刊論文
1.Trevino, L. K.、Youngbloos, S. A.(1990)。Bad Apples in Bad Barrels: A Causal Analysis of Ethical Decision Making Behavior。Journal of Applied Psychology，75，378-385。  new window
2.Lewis, P. V.(1985)。Defining ‘business ethics': Like nailing jello to a wall。Journal of Business Ethics，4(5)，377-383。  new window
3.Vitell, S. J.、Davis, D. L.(1990)。Ethical Beliefs of MIS professionals : The Frequency and Opportunity for Unethical Behavior。Journal of Business Ethics，9(1)，63-70。  new window
4.Viswesvaran, C.、Deshpande, S. P.(1996)。Ethics, Success, and Job Satisfaction: A Test of Dissonance Theory in India。Journal of Business Ethics，15，1065-1069。  new window
5.Gatewood, R. D.、Carroll, A. B.(1991)。Assessment of Ethical Performance of Organization Members: A Conceptual Framework。The Academy of Management Review，16(4)，667-690。  new window
6.Ferrell, O. C.、Gresham, L. G.、Fraedrich, J.(1989)。A synthesis of ethical decision mdodels for marketing。Journal of Macromarketing，9，55-64。  new window
7.蔡明田、陳嵩(19951100)。臺灣大專學生及企業經理人之倫理態度實證研究。教育研究資訊，3(6)，115-126。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Weber, J.(1990)。Managers' Moral Reasoning: Assessing Their Responses to Three Moral Dilemmas。Human Relations，43(7)，487-702。  new window
9.Moser, Martin R.(1988)。Ethical Conflict at Work : A Critique of the Literature and Recommendations for Future Research。Journal of Business Ethics，7(5)，381-388。  new window
10.Reidenbach, R. E.、Robin D. P.(1988)。Some initial steps toward improving the measurement of ethical evaluations of marketing activities。Journal of Business Ethics，7(11)，871-879。  new window
11.Trevino, L. K.(1986)。Ethical Decision Making in Organizations: A Person-Situation Interactionist Model。The Academy of Management Review，11(3)，601-617。  new window
12.Jones, T. M.(199104)。Ethical Decision Making by Individuals in Organization: An Issue-Contingent Model。Academy of Management Review，16，366-396。  new window
13.Kelloway, E. K.、Barling, J.(1991)。Job characteristics, role stress and mental health。Journal of Occupational Psychology，64(4)，291-304。  new window
14.De George, Richard T.(1987)。The status of business ethics: Past and future。Journal of Business Ethics，6(3)，201-211。  new window
15.葉匡時、周德光(19950200)。企業倫理之形成與維持：回顧與探究。臺大管理論叢，6(1)，1-24。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.Donaldson, Thomas、Dunfee, Thomas W.(1994)。Toward a unified conception of business ethics: Integrative social contracts theory。Academy of Management Review，19(2)，252-284。  new window
17.Aupperle, Kenneth E.、Carroll, Archie B.、Hatfield, John D.(1985)。An Empirical Examination of the Relationship between Corporate Social Responsibility and Profitability。Academy of Management Journal，28(2)，446-463。  new window
18.Ferrell, O. C.、Gresham, L. G.(1985)。A contingency framework for understanding ethical decision making in marketing。Journal of Marketing，49(3)，87-96。  new window
19.Jansen, E.、Glinow, M. A.(1985)。Ethical Ambivalence and Organizational Reward Systems。Academy of Management Review，10，14-22。  new window
20.李培齊(1998)。從工作生活品質的角度探討企業倫理對企業營運的影響。淡江學報，229-245。  延伸查詢new window
21.張鳳燕(1981)。性別、道德判斷、情境變項對我國高中學生誠實行為的影響。教育與心理研究，91-93。new window  延伸查詢new window
22.Barach, J. A.(1985)。The ethics of hardball。California Management Review，27(2)，132-139。  new window
23.Colby, A.、Kohlberg, Lawrence、Gibbs, J. C.、Lieberman, M.(1983)。A longitudinal study of moral judgment。Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development，48(1)/48(2)，1-124。  new window
24.Glover, S. H.、Bumpus, M. A.、Logan, J. E.、Ciesla, J. R.(1997)。Re-examining the influence of individual values on ethical decision making。Journal of Business Ethics，16，1319-1329。  new window
25.Hunt, S. D.、Vitell, S. A.(1986)。General theory of marketing ethics。Journal of Macromarketing，6，5-16。  new window
26.Murphy, P. R.、Smith, J. E.、Daley, J. M.(1992)。Executive attitudes, organizational size and ethical issues: Perpectivds on a service industry。Journal of Business Ethics，11，11-19。  new window
27.Nader, R.(1984)。Reforming corporate govenance。California Management Review，26(4)，126-132。  new window
28.Schwartz, S. H.、Feldman, K. A.、Brown, M. E.、Heingartner, A.(1969)。Some personality correlates of conduct in two situations of moral conflict。Journal of Personality，37，41-57。  new window
會議論文
1.蔡淑桂(1992)。國小資優學生禍層次認知能力道德判斷與道德行為之間的相關研究。new window  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.單文經(1980)。道德判斷發展與家庭影響因素之關係(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Kohlberg, L.(1984)。The philosophy of moral development: Moral stages, their nature and validity。The philosophy of moral development: Moral stages, their nature and validity。San Francisco, CA：Harper ＆ Row。  new window
2.林邦傑、胡秉正、翁淑緣(1986)。大專道德判斷測驗使用手冊。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
3.Carroll, A. B.(1981)。Business and Society: Managing corporate social performance。Boston, MA：Little, Brown。  new window
4.Festinger, Leon(1963)。A theory of cognitive dissonance。Stanford University Press。  new window
5.Skinner, B. F.(1974)。About behaviorism。New York：Alfred A. Knopf。  new window
6.Heider, Fritz(1958)。The Psychology of Interpersonal Relations。John Wiley & Sons, Inc.。  new window
7.Ferrell, O. C.、Fraedrich, J.(1994)。Business ethics。Business ethics。Boston。  new window
8.Kohlberg, Lawrence、Turiel, E.(1973)。Moralization, the cognitive development approach。Moralization, the cognitive development approach。New York。  new window
其他
1.Rest, J. R.(1974)。Manual for the defining issues test。  new window
 
 
 
 
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