依照中共政治運作規範與慣例，年度「一號文件」通常都是黨最核心與最優先的施政要務。因此，本文以1980年代中共五個「一號文件」與2004-2007年四個「一號文件」為主軸，透過系統論、決策與比較觀點，探討這些以農業議題為主的政策，並從決策者問題認知、決策運作過程與反饋機制三個角度進行分析。作為中共新領導階層，亦是政策發動者之角色，如何在複雜的農業決策中，獲取有效訊息反饋與貼近農民利益訴求，並化解矛盾與衝。

This paper is to research China’s agricultural decision-making process using the Communist Party of China (CPC) agricultural No. 1 documents, issued in the 1980s and in 2004 to 2007, as a case study and try to analyze the topic from the interaction of decision-makers, operation of decision-making and feedback mechanism. In China, the three agricultural problems, so-called Sannong Wenti, are those related to farmers, rural villages and the agricultural sector. The focus is to study how Chinese leaders and policy­makers appeal to farmers by obtaining effective information feedbacks in the complicate agricultural policy-making, and resolve conflicts and confrontations.