近年來，由於社會快速變遷、產業轉型及高等教育快速擴充，我 國在人才培育上出現「學用落差」、「供需失衡」、青年失業率高等 現象，亟待產、官、學、研共謀解決方案。本文主要透過質性研究方 式，蒐集國內外人才培育之相關文獻與報告為分析基礎，經分析後發 現，主要國家人才培育均著重在解決「學用落差」、「供需失衡」、 「青年失業率高」等問題；其中，教育部於2013 年公布之「人才培 育白皮書」，以教育發展為主軸，提出39 個方案，以培育未來十年 人才的六大關鍵能力：全球移動力、就業力、創新力、跨域力、資訊 力、公民力，確實能符應國際人才培育發展趨勢及提供我國經濟發展 所需的人才。

For the past few years, due to the dramatic social change, industrial transformation and higher education expansion, the gap between schooling and employment, the imbalance between supply and demand of work force, and the high unemployment rate of newly-graduates force us to rethink the problems of manpower cultivation. By adopting qualitative approach this paper analyses the domestically and internationally collected data relating to the cultivation of manpower. It is found that most countries would take appropriate policies to solve the issues related to the gap between schooling and employment, imbalance between supply and demand of work force, and the high unemployment rate of newly-graduates. So is Taiwan. In 2013, the Ministry of Education promulgated the “White Paper on Manpower Cultivation”, of which its main theme is education development. 39 programs are proposed to cultivate six key abilities such as global mobility, employability, innovation, interdisciplinary, information competences and citizenship in response to the international trends and to provide competitive manpower for economics.