采用事件相關電位技術,探討性別和情境危險程度對行人危險知覺的影響。實驗采用三類真實交通情境圖片作為材料,包括無危險情境圖片、低度危險情境圖片和高度危險情境圖片。結果發現:低度危險情境條件下,女性的N1潛伏期更短;在N1波幅上,高度危險情境大于無危險情境或低度危險情境;在P3波幅上,男性大于女性,低度危險情境大于無危險情境或高度危險情境。說明早期視覺加工階段,女性對低度危險情境更敏感;男性比女性給予交通情境更多的注意;情境危險程度能夠調節危險知覺過程中的注意分配。

The effect of gender and situational hazardous level on pedestrian hazard perception was investigated using event-related potential(ERP) technique. Images of three types of real traffic situations were used as test materials, including non-hazard situation,low-hazard situation, and high-hazard situation. The results showed that the female N1 latency was shorter than male in the lowhazard situation; the N1 amplitude was larger in the high-hazard situation than in non-hazard or low-hazard situation; the male P3 amplitude was larger than female, and the P3 amplitude was larger in low-hazard situations than in non-hazard or high-hazard situation. The results indicates that females are more sensitive to the low-hazard situation at the early visual processing stage; the male have a processing advantage at the attention distribution stage; situational hazardous level can regulate attention allocation in the processing of hazard perception.