采用狀態–特質焦慮量表、流調抑郁量表、注意控制量表和正負性信息注意量表,對481名在校大學生進行調查研究,考察了焦慮、抑郁對注意偏向的影響,并探討了注意控制在其中的中介作用。研究發現:(1)正性注意偏向與注意控制呈正相關,與狀態焦慮、特質焦慮和流調抑郁呈負相關;負性注意偏向與注意控制呈負相關,與狀態焦慮、特質焦慮和流調抑郁呈正相關。(2)特質焦慮、注意集中、注意轉移可顯著預測正性注意偏向,狀態焦慮、流調抑郁和注意集中則顯著預測負性注意偏向。(3)注意轉移和注意集中中介了狀態焦慮、特質焦慮、流調抑郁和正、負性注意偏向間的關系。研究提示注意控制是一個重要的保護性因素,可緩解或消除焦慮和抑郁對注意偏向的負面影響。

Self-report measures of state anxiety(STAI_S), trait anxiety(STAI_T), depression, attentional control, attention to positive information(API), and attention to negative information(ANI) were conducted among 481 Chinese undergraduate students to investigate the impacts of anxiety and depression on attentional bias and the mediating role of attention control. It was found that API was positively correlated with attention control, and negatively correlated with state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression. ANI was negatively correlated with attention control, and positively related to state anxiety, trait anxiety, and depression. API was significantly predicted by trait anxiety, attention focusing, and attention shifting, while ANI was significantly predicted by state anxiety,depression, and attention focusing. Furthermore, attention shifting and attention focusing mediated the relationships between state anxiety, trait anxiety, depression with API and ANI. The results demonstrated that attentional control may serve as a protective factor for alleviating or eliminating the negative impacts of anxiety and depression on attentional biases.