為評估社區老年人運動習慣與認知功能的關系,在北京市通過分層、方便取樣的方法選取60歲以上的老年人732名,采用自編調查表收集一般人口學資料及運動習慣情況(包括有無運動習慣,運動頻率,運動持續時間),使用簡明精神狀態評估量表(MMSE)和北京版蒙特利爾認知評估量表(MoCA-BJ)評估認知功能。結果發現:(1)運動組整體認知功能及視空間定向能力得分均高于無運動組;(2)有無運動習慣可正向預測整體認知功能及視空間定向能力得分;(3)運動持續10年及以上組整體認知功能得分高于運動持續10年以下組。結果表明:相對于無運動習慣的社區老年人,有運動習慣的社區老年人的整體認知功能及視空間定向能力更好;運動持續年數較長,對社區老年人的認知功能起到促進作用。

To evaluate the relationship between exercise habits and cognitive function of the community-dwelling older adults, 732 older adults over 60 years old from Beijing were enrolled by a convenience sample. The demographics and exercise habits(exercise or non-exercise, exercise frequency, and exercise duration) of the participants were collected through questionnaires, and the cognitive functions of older adults were assessed by using the Mini-Mental State Examination(MMSE) and the Beijing Version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment(MoCA-BJ). The results showed that: 1) general cognitive function scores, visual space and orientation scores in the exercise group were higher compared with the non-exercise group; 2) the exercise habit(exercise or not) was positively associated with general cognitive function scores, visual space, and orientation scores; 3) general cognitive function scores for the group with exercise duration of 10 years or more than 10 years were higher than those for the group with exercise duration of less than 10 years. The findings suggest that compared with the community-dwelling older adults without exercise habits, the community-dwelling older adults with exercise habits may have better general cognitive function, visual space, and orientation abilities. Also, long exercise duration may promote the cognitive function of community-dwelling older adults.