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題名:從研發知識及產業群聚效益建立地方創新能力模型之研究
作者:朱南玉 引用關係
作者(外文):Nan-Yu Chu
校院名稱:國立臺北大學
系所名稱:都市計劃研究所
指導教授:謝潮儀
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2004
主題關鍵詞:產業群聚創新知識生產industrial clusterinnovationknowledge production
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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隨著全球經濟的發展與內生成長理論的興起,創新能力已證實是經濟成長的重要基礎,如何找出創新的元素以增強地方或區域經濟的體質,遂成為公共政策的重要議題。傳統的認知上,創新產出係來自於學校研究及產業研發等相關投入的結果,至1990年代,空間在創新的角色才獲重視。惟關於創新的空間論述,大多以個案分析的討論為主,相關論點或研究結果不具一致性,亦無適當的理論模式可供驗證,而既有的知識生函數則缺乏動態產業空間的論述,且相關變數的考慮亦未周全。本研究的主要目的,即希冀建立空間為基礎的地方創新能力模型,以改善相關研究之缺失,並提供地方發展、產業空間政策相關建議。
首先,在理論層次方面,本研究提出「研發知識及群聚效益導向的創新能力生產模式」之理論架構,建立空間導向的地方創新能力產出假說,除延續創新理論之基本概念,並融入空間群聚效益的觀點,假設產業群聚及相關研究發展投入(學校研究、產業研究及發展)對地方創新能力有顯著的影響;其次,在模型建構方面,本研究除建立了地方創新能力模式的通用模型,並從時間及空間外溢觀點進行模式推演,以解決長期以來相關研究忽略的課題。實證結果發現,產業群聚、學校研究、產業研究與發展及技術購買經費等變數對地方創新產出有正面而顯著的影響,模式整體解釋力較傳統知識生產函數研究高,且產業群聚變數具有關鍵的影響力;此外,本研究亦證實創新投入與產出具有時間遞延性,其遞延時間約為2年;創新投入亦具時間累積性,即歷年的研發投入對創新產出有影響,惟其影響力隨時間的增加而有遞減的現象,依據本研究之實證分析結果,歷年(前三年)之影響力權重係數平均值依序為1、0.75、0.37;產業研究發展費用經本研究證實具有空間外溢性,亦即地區創新能力產出亦受到鄰近地區產業研究投入的影響,當兩地區時間距離在2小時以內者,空間外溢效果最為明顯,惟學校研究經費因受到政府經費預算固定的影響,空間外溢效果為負面影響。根據本研究結論,未來空間規劃與相關產業政策可朝產業群聚為基礎的空間規劃策略進行,以強化工業用地的整合與規劃,並結合既有的學校與產業研發資源增進地方創新能力;而後續研究可從不同的空間尺度(如兩岸或全球)或研究方法(如質化研究)進行討論。
As the change of global economy and the development of the endogenous growth theory, innovation capability has been regarded as the essential element for economic growth. Thus, finding the factors which affect the ability of innovation to strengthen local or regional economy is an important issue for policy making. Traditionally, academic research and industrial R&D were considered as the main sources of innovation. Until 1990, the role of space in innovation has been taken serious. However, the new geography approach which is relative with local innovation and space only based on case study without the empirical model. Moreover, the traditional knowledge production function which has set up the theoretical and empirical models ignored the concept of industrial space and other important factors. The purpose of this study is to develop a space-based innovation capability model to improve the shortcomings of relative researches and to give suggestions for local development and industrial space planning.
First of all, this study proposes the concept of “innovation capability based on R&D and industrial clusters”, which combine the innovation and industrial clusters theories, and assumes that industrial clusters, academic research and industrial R&D have significant effects on local innovation capability. Secondly, this study establishes the general model and two sub models, which include the dimensions of time and space to overcome the problems faced by other researches. We find that industrial clusters, academic researches and industrial R&D are relative with local innovation capability significantly. Besides, this study also justifies the time and space spillover effects on innovation capability. According to the result of this study, the planning policy should toward cluster-based and connect the use of R&D to increase the capability of local innovation. And we could use different research area or qualitative approach for future study.
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