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題名：企業綠化的有機式管理－理論建構與實證
作者：陳美惠
作者(外文)：Mei-Huei Chen
校院名稱：國立中山大學
系所名稱：人力資源管理研究所
指導教授：趙必孝
王喻平
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2014
主題關鍵詞：資源效率；企業綠化；有機式管理；體制遵從；混合方法研究；mixed methods research；resource utilization；institutional compliance；Organic-minded management；Corporate greening
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近幾年來各區域經濟體會議之議題與成長策略皆聚焦於新成長策略，其中綠色議題又因全球氣候變遷問題日益嚴峻，特別受到各國際組織的重視。全球這股新興綠色風潮就如同任何變革一樣，對企業構成前所未有的挑戰，由於企業的營運對社會與環境會造成影響，呼籲企業應負起社會與環境責任的聲音，讓企業的生存壓力與日俱增。因此，企業必須發展和運用有別於傳統理論的新觀點，致力於尋求經濟、環境和資源均衡發展的新經營模式，以達到”企業綠化”（ Corporate greening）的目標。鑑於企業綠化管理發展過程需要新管理典範，本研究嘗試深入探討現有標竿綠色企業的創新管理機制，彙整提出理想可行的新綠色管理典範。
本研究延伸混合方法（mixed methods research）的研究取向設計，應用多元質性研究法，將研究歷程分二個階段，第一階段以台、日、德、陸等各國之有機農企為研究對象，進行探索並精煉出獨特的綠色管理典範概念架構，稱之為有機式管理(the organic-minded management)；第二階段研究擴大研究對象範圍，進行初步驗證、補充與修正原提出之命題，藉以擴展有機式管理概念架構對企業綠化管理的解釋。研究建構出有機式管理架構包括三個構面有：1.有機式價值觀之核心有共生、安全、誠信、以及節制等價值觀；2.有機式管理型態在體制遵從與資源利用效率管理的作為確實有其特殊性；3.有機式績效評估範疇則包含生態環境、社會認同、財務績效、以及產出質與量等面向。本研究進一步採用資源利用型態與體制遵從兩構面將企業綠化行為分類出四種型態，分別為衝突消耗型企業、合諧消耗型企業、衝突節約型企業、合諧節約型企業，透過分類有助於企業定位與制定綠化之移轉策略。
依據研究結論，本研究提出一個基於實務經驗的”有機式管理”概念架構，作為企業策略轉移的管理典範，同時對發展企業綠化之學術研究與管理實務提出可行之建議。
Over the recent years, the world’s major regional economies’ forums have been focused on seeking new growth strategies for sustainability as the theme for discussion. Due to the impact and threat of global warming and climate change, the green issue has gained extensive attention by these global institutions and economies. The new go green initiative has created an unprecedented challenge for the business nowadays. This awareness resulted in public voice calling for the importance of corporate social and environmental responsibility, which posed serious pressure and danger for the survival of the enterprises. Therefore, companies nowadays must develop and adopt new management approaches that comprehensively take into consideration of the economic, environmental and resource development aspects altogether so that the objective of corporate greening can be achieved. Seeing that the development process for corporate greening requires a new management paradigm, this research seeks to explore and investigate the mechanism behind existing benchmarking green corporations’ management approaches and propose an ideal and feasible new green management paradigm for corporate greening.
This study adopts a mixed methods research design, and by applying multivariate qualitative research method dividing the research process in two stages. The first stage uses the organic agricultural enterprises in Taiwan, Japan, Germany and Mainland China as the object of this research and investigates their unique green management paradigm conceptual framework, called the organic-minded management. The second stage expands the research object to perform the preliminary testing, as well as the addition and correction of propositions. The research proposes that the organic-minded management framework is composed of three constructs. Additionally, this research further adopt the resource utilization and institutional compliance as the two major dimensions for corporate greening, resulting in four different types corporations, namely a) conflicting and consumptive corporation (Low compliance-high consumption); b) harmonious and consumptive corporation (High compliance- High consumption); c) conflicting and thrifty corporation (Low compliance-low consumption); and d) harmonious and thrifty corporation (High compliance-low consumption). Hence, corporate positioning and greening strategy formulation can be facilitated through the classification of corporations.
Based on the research findings, this study proposes an “organic-minded management” conceptual framework based on practical experience. Additionally, the implications and suggestions for academic research and management practice on corporate greening are also discussed.
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