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題名:郡社布農語語法
作者:李俐盈
作者(外文):Li, Lilian Li-ying
校院名稱:國立清華大學
系所名稱:語言學研究所
指導教授:齊莉莎
連金發
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2018
主題關鍵詞:郡社布農語音韻形態句法語言保存(台灣)南島語Isbukun Bununphonologymorphologysyntaxlanguage documentationFormosan and Austronesian languages
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本論文為郡社布農語參考語法,調查地點為南投縣信義鄉東埔村。布農語的形態(morphology)很豐富,因此擁有很多具有獨立語意的詞彙前綴(lexical prefix),而形態過程(morphological process)也相對多元。跟大多數台灣南島語一樣,布農語是一個謂語為首(predicate-initial)的語言。格位標記(case marker)可以省略,論元(argument)的順序也相對重要。在一般直述句中,兩個獨立論元的順序基本上是主事者論元在其他論元之前。布農語有兩個焦點,主事者焦點(actor voice)跟承受者焦點(undergoer voice);其中承受者焦點又區分為三個次焦點:承受者受事焦點(undergoer voice–patient)、承受者處所焦點(undergoer voice–locative)、承受者周邊焦點(undergoer voice–circumstantial)。在布農語裡面,帶有主事者焦點的動詞可以是及物動詞(transitive verbs)或是非及物動詞(transitive verbs);承受者焦點動詞一定不是非及物動詞。
本研究共分為十四個章節。第一章介紹布農語的語言分布範圍、人口、郡社方言的文獻回顧,以及本研究的研究方法與動機。第二章討論語音、音韻,和其他相關議題。第三章聚焦在形態單位(morphological unit)和形態過程(morphological processes)。第四章討論布農語的詞類(word class)。第五章和第六章從形態句法角度討論名詞和動詞分類。第七章和第八章探討謂語配價轉換機制(valency-adjusting operations),包含了使動結構(causativity)、互惠結構(reciprocity),以及反身結構(reflexivity)。第九章介紹名詞組結構(noun phrase structure)。第十章詳述代名詞的句法特性。第十一章討論句類(clause type)。第十二章討論否定詞(negator)和否定結構(negative construction)。第十三章研究補語結構(complementation)、附屬結構(subordination),和連接結構(conjunction)。最後一章為結論以及本文貢獻。
This dissertation is a reference grammar of Isbukun Bunun, spoken in the Dongpu village, Hsinyi Township, Nantou County. Isbukun is a language with rich morphology, whereby lexical prefixes and morphological processes are productive. Like most of the Formosan languages, Isbukun is predicate-initial. Case markers are omittable in Isbukun, and the order of arguments is quite important. The order of two free arguments in a canonical declarative clause is basically the actor preceding other arguments. There is a two-way voice system in Isbukun, actor voice (AV) vs. undergoer voice (UV), with the UV sub-divided into three voices (UVP, UVL, and UVC). An AV verb in Isbukun can be transitive or intransitive; a UV verb is never intransitive.
This dissertation consists of fourteen chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the Bunun language, population, and the areas where this language is spoken; the background on the Isbukun dialect is also provided. Besides, the aim of this study and the methodology are also stated in chapter 1. Chapter 2 discusses Isbukun phonology and phonological processes. Morphological units and morphological processes like affixation and reduplication are addressed in chapter 3. Chapter 4 introduces word classes in Isbukun. Nominal morphology and verbal morphology are investigated in chapter 5 and chapter 6 respectively. Chapter 7 and chapter 8 deal with valency-adjusting operations, including causativity, reciprocity, and reflexivity. Chapter 9 focuses on noun phrase structures. Syntax of pronouns is discussed in chapter 10. Chapter 11 and chapter 12 inspect clause types and negative clauses respectively. Complex sentences, consisting of complementation, subordination, and conjunction, are examined in Chapter 13. The final chapter concludes this study and also talks about its contributions.
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