The purpose of this study is to explore a series of child care policies of Japan in recent years in response to low birthrate, and to analyze the characteristics of the policies, in order to provide concrete suggestions as a mirror for the development of child care policy in Taiwan. The study adopts the approach of literature analysis to probe into eight important child care policies, including "Guidelines of Support Strategy for Job and Child Rearing," "Early Childhood Education Invigorating Program," "Advancement Law of Support Strategy for Fostering Second Generation," "Basic Law of Social Strategy to Low Birthrate," amendment of "Child Welfare Law," "Neo-New Angel Plan," "Law of Comprehensive Expansion for Education and Care of Preschool Children" and "New Strategy to Low Birthrate." Based on the results of the literature analysis, implications and recommendations are also proposed to Taiwan as a reference for establishing child care policy.