Among the endeavors undertaken by China’s fourth generation of leadership to reform its aging political system, legislative hearing is an important part. Since its introduction in late 1990’s, thirty-eight hearings have been held by twenty-four provincial people’s congress. Seventeen local people’s congress at the provincial and city levels have enacted rules so that the practice can be carried out in a more institutionalized manner. The passage of the Legislation Law in July, 2000, brings the reform to the national legislature. Legislative hearing system could help increase the transparency of China’s legislative process. Coupling with public discussions and opening up of the legislative floor to public observation, the legitimacy of law-making process will be enhanced. Issues with wide public interest or great controversy, such as management of the urban areas and the market and social and environmental protection, have been the main subjects for hearings held by local people’s congress. Legislative hearing system have only been brought into Chinese politics lately. As such it is still in a stage of experiment. Different local people’scongresses have made different rules and some do not even provide written regulations. Further refinement and institutionalization are needed. Nevertheless, the new reform is part of the package that China’s people’s congress has undergone on its way towards bringing more institutionalization and professionalization into the heretofore marginalized political organ.