本研究整合FMEA、DEMATEL及TRIZ等方法，建構一套「關鍵失效因素決定與問題改善」之演算法，在此模式演算流程中，藉由FMEA和TRIZ理論發展出關聯性矩陣，透過DEMATEL量化分析各潛在失效模式，以協助工程人員釐清製程上之主要問題與次要問題，並運用創新問題解決技巧提出改善對策，以彌補FMEA在系統惡化分析上的不足。該演算法的流程包含三個階段：一、功能需求之瞭解與失效分析；二、關鍵失效模式分析及三、改善與驗證。最後，本研究以背光板框架組裝為例，說明本研究所建構之演算法則的應用，以驗證本演算法則之可行性與有效性。經實例的驗證，本研究所建構的分析演算法不僅提供具體的執行步驟，對於製程或產品的持續改進與創新，更具提昇製程或產品品質之效益。

FMEA method has been widely used in industry to analyze the causes of abnormal products or processes. The subjective judgments are traditionally applied in the evaluation of failure risk. Biases occur, however, because of subjective consciousness as well as judging ability. Accordingly, this study integrates FMEA, DEMATEL and TRIZ the three theories to construct the “Algorithm of Failure Modes and Decision Analysis”, whose construction process includes three phases: (1) the understanding of functional requirements and failure analysis, (2) critical failure modes analysis, and (3) improvement and verification. It is hoped to figure out the major and minor failure problems and the critical failure modes in the product / process to induce appropriate improvements. As a result, with the algorithm presented in this study, there will be specific steps for continuous improvement and renovation in the product / process. Finally, the feasibility and effectiveness of the algorithm is verified in the case example - the Backlight Assembly of LCM manufacturing process.