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題名：邁向協同治理？權益關係人參與自然地景保育的機會和限制
書刊名：地理學報
作者：李光中 引用關係／王鑫 引用關係／蔡嘉玲
作者(外文)：Lee, Kuang-chung／Wang, Shin／Tsai, Chia-ling
出版日期：2012
卷期：65
頁次：頁27-52
主題關鍵詞：權益關係人參與；自然地景保育；社區與學校夥伴關係；協同治理；Stakeholder participation；Natural landscape conservation；School-community partnership；Collaborative governance
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:90
  • 點閱點閱:70
2005年新修正的文化資產保存法將「自然地景」列為專章，開啟臺灣推動自然地景保育之新契機，然而目前尚缺乏具體推動架構和操作經驗。本文分析國內外相關文獻發現，結合公、私部門和社區等權益關係人的協同治理模式，是推動自然地景保育的重要策略。此外，自然地景保育範圍不應限於特殊地形地質現象，宜涵蓋周圍人與土地交互作用下的地景區範圍。本研究以透過林務局社區林業計畫推動社區參與自然地景保育之途徑為例，選擇臺東利吉惡地為研究個案，探討首要權益關係人參與自然地景保育之機會與限制。結果發現，「社區與學校夥伴關係工作平台」成為兩梯次社區林業計畫籌備和執行過程中，權益關係人最重要之溝通與協同規劃平台。社區居民和學校老師協同探索在地的自然地景、生態、產業和文化資源，並重新認取泥岩惡地對社區產業、生活和生態環境的關聯性。本研究亦發現，有十項因素影響社區和學校參與社區林業計畫的成效，包括專業知識與在地知識的互相需求性、社造計畫與教師教學和居民興趣的配合程度、凝聚力和領導力、社區和學校對彼此的認同與肯定、裁併校政策、夥伴關係工作平台的運作制度設計、教師和居民可投入的時間、教師流動率及相關因素、經費運用規範和利益分配的公平性、不同機關間社造計畫的競合等。其中主管機關社造計畫雖然是權益關係人行動能量的主要來源，但不相整合的社造計畫若帶給居民巨大的經費利誘和比較，有可能促發社區分裂和族群衝突，嚴重衝擊正在形成之協同治理機制。
The amendments of the Cultural Heritage Preservation Law in 2005 provide new opportunities for stakeholder participation in natural landscape conservation of Taiwan. However, very few studies have conducted on the topics of local stakeholder participation and community development. This research selected the Lichi Badland in Taitung County as the study area. The area is surrounded by two rural villages; each has a small elementary school. The theory of collaborative planning was employed to explore opportunities and constraints of natural landscape conservation, local tourism and community development. Many participatory forums were designed and conducted in two villages to enhance school-community partnership and participation in natural landscape conservation programs of the badland area.We found that the 'school-community partnership platform' was like a new bridge activating partnership between local communities and schools. Through regular panel discussion on the platforms and training workshops, local people and school teachers figured out a common ground of their interests and goals. They worked together to draw up and conduct several community projects which was for better understandings of relationships between local people livelihoods and the badland resources. Nevertheless, there are ten factors influencing school-community partnership, including mutual understanding between expert knowledge and local knowledge, fitness of community projects for school teachers' and local people's interests, leadership and cohesion, mutual respect and approval among school teachers and local people, school consolidation policy, operational mechanism of the school-community partnership platform, available time for participation, equal opportunity of benefit-sharing, stability of school teachers as well as competition of community programs supported by different governmental institutions. The last factor may jeopardize community cohesion seriously.
期刊論文
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2.盧道杰、吳雯菁、裴家騏、台邦．撒沙勒(20061200)。建構社區保育、原住民狩獵與野生動物經營管理間的連結。地理學報，46，1-29。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Healey, P.(1998)。Building institutional capacity through collaborative approaches to urban planning。Environment and Planning A，30(9)，1531-1546。  new window
4.Tewdwr-Jones, M.、Allmendinger, P.(1998)。Deconstructing communicative rationality: a critique of Habermasian collaborative planning。Environment and Planning A，30，1975-1989。  new window
5.陳美惠(2003)。林務局「社區林業－居民參與保育共生計畫」推動實務。臺灣林業，29(1)，53-55。  延伸查詢new window
6.盧道杰(20040900)。臺灣社區保育的發展--近年來國內三個個案的分析。地理學報，37，1-25。new window  延伸查詢new window
7.Gold, Raymond L.(1958)。Roles in sociological field observations。Social Forces，36(3)，217-223。  new window
8.黃源協(20040900)。社區工作何去何從：社區發展？社區營造？。社區發展季刊，107，78-87。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.李光中、張惠珠、王鑫、黃可欣、王鈴琪、蔡嘉玲(20080300)。促進鄉村學校和社區協同規劃社區發展計畫之行動研究：以臺東利吉和富源社區為例。環境教育研究，5(2)，89-130。new window  延伸查詢new window
10.Lee, K. C.(1994)。臺灣地區地景保育現況及展望。農政與農情，29，45-53。  延伸查詢new window
11.Lee, K. C.、Wang, S.(2004)。建立和評估自然保護區社區參與論壇之硏究--以櫻花鉤吻鮭野生動物保護區爲例。地理學報，36，1-22。  延伸查詢new window
12.Lee, K. C.、Wang, S.、Zhang, S. C.(2010)。權益關係人參與自然地景保育的策略。臺灣林業，36(2)，9-14。  延伸查詢new window
13.Chen, M. H.、Guan, L. H.(2002)。社區林業--居民參與保育共生。豐年，52(5)，26-30。  延伸查詢new window
14.Berkes, F.、George, P. J.、Preston, R. J.(1991)。Co-management: The evolution in theory and practice of the joint administration of living resources。Alternatives，18(2)，12-17。  new window
15.Kilpatrick, S.、Bell, R.、Falk, I.(1999)。The role of group learning in building social capital。Journal of Vocational Education and Training，51(1)，129-44。  new window
16.Kuhne, G. W.、Quigley, B. A.(1997)。Understanding and using action research in practice settings。New Directions for Adult and Continuing Education，73，23-40。  new window
17.Plummer, H. R.、FitzGibbon, J. E.(2004)。Co-management of natural resources: A proposed framework。Journal of Environmental Management，33(6)，876-885。  new window
18.Short, C.、Winter, M.(1999)。The problem of common land: Towards stakeholder governance。Journal of Environmental Planning and Management，42，613-630。  new window
19.Berkes, F.(1994)。Co-management: Bridging the two solitudes。Northern Perspectives，22，18-20。  new window
20.Grimble, R.、Wellard, K.(1997)。Stakeholder methodologies in natural resource management: A review of principles, contexts, experiences and opportunities。Agricultural Systems，55(2)，173-193。  new window
會議論文
1.Huang, K. S.、Tsai, L. C.、Wang, L. C.、Chang, H. C.、Lee, K. C.(2007)。影響鄕村學校和社區參與社區發展計畫的因素。花蓮。  延伸查詢new window
2.Falk, I.、Harrison, L.、Kilpatrick, S.(1998)。How long is a piece of string? Issues in identifying, measuring and building social capital。Launceston, Australia。  new window
研究報告
1.Lin, J. C.(2009)。國家自然地景保育及教育宣導計畫--總計畫成果報告。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.Lin, J. C.(2010)。國家自然地景保育及教育宣導計畫--總計畫成果報告。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.Tsai, C. L.(2009)。影響鄉村學校和社區參與社區發展計畫的因素--以臺東縣利吉和富源社區為例。國立東華大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.A. Phillips, ed.(2002)。Management Guidelines for IUCN Category V Protected Areas; Protected Landscape/Seascapes, Best Practice Protected Area Guidelines Series 9。Gland, Switzerland：IUCN。  new window
2.Dingwall, P.、Weghell, T.、Badman, T.(2005)。Geological World Heritage: A Glogal Framework A Contribution to the Global Theme Study of World Heritage Natural Sites。Gland：IUCN。  new window
3.Forestry Bureau(2002)。社區林業--居民參與保育共生計畫補助須知。臺北：林務局。  延伸查詢new window
4.Rydin, Yvonne(1998)。Urban and Environmental Planning in the UK。London, UK：Macmillan。  new window
5.王鑫(1996)。地景保育景點評鑑及保育技術研究計畫（八十五年度）。農委會。  延伸查詢new window
6.Bryson, J.、Crosby, B.(1992)。Leadership in the Common Good。San Francisco：Jossey-Bass。  new window
7.ODA(1995)。Guidance Note on How to Do Stakeholder Analysis of Aid Projects and Programmes。London：Overseas Development Administration。  new window
8.Healey, P.(1997)。Collaborative Planning: Shaping Places in Fragmented Societies。Macmillan Press。  new window
9.Habermas, J.、McCarthy, T.(1984)。The Theory of Communicative Action。Boston：Beacon Press。  new window
10.Silverman, David(2000)。Doing qualitative research: A practical handbook。London：Sage Publications。  new window
11.Giddens, Anthony(1984)。The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration。Cambridge：Polity Press。  new window
12.Friedrichs, Jurgen、Ludtke, Harmust(1974)。Participant Observation: Theory and Practice。Westmead：Saxon House。  new window
13.Maxwell, Joseph A.、高熏芳、林盈助、王向葵(2001)。質化研究設計：一種互動取向的方法。心理出版社。  延伸查詢new window
14.Kemmis, S.、McTaggart, R.(1988)。The action research reader。Geelong, Victoria：Deakin University Press。  new window
15.Stringer, Ernest T.(1996)。Action Research: A Handbook for Practitioners。Sage。  new window
16.Putnam, Robert D.、Leonardi, Robert、Nanetti, Raffaella Y.(1993)。Making Democracy Work: Civic Traditions in Modern Italy。Princeton University Press。  new window
17.Freeman, Robert Edward(1984)。Strategic Management: A Stakeholder Approach。Pitman。  new window
18.Wang, S.(2000)。地景保育作業要點之研擬與示範計畫。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
19.Concil of Indigenous Peoples, Executive Yuan(2008)。行政院原住民族委員會--原住民部落永續發展計畫97年度重點部落計畫作業須知。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
20.Lee, K. C.、Ho, L. D.、Wang, S.(2009)。社區參與地景保育之策略研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
21.Lee, K. C.、Ho, L. D.、Wang, S.(2010)。社區參與地景保育之策略研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
22.Lee, K. C.、Chang, H. C.(2007)。促進東部鄉村小學和原住民部落協力推動社區林業之行動研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
23.Lee, K. C.、Chang, H. C.(2008)。促進東部鄉村小學和原住民部落協力推動社區林業之行動研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
24.Chen, W. S.、Wang, Y.(1996)。臺灣東部海岸山脈地質。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
25.陳向明(2002)。社會科學的質性研究。臺北：五南。  延伸查詢new window
26.Wang, S.(1992)。花東海岸山脈地景調查。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
27.Lee, K. C.、Chang, H. C.(2006)。促進東部鄉村小學和原住民部落協力推動社區林業之行動研究。臺北。  延伸查詢new window
28.Chape, S.、Spalding, M.、Jenkins, M.(2008)。The world’s protected areas: Status, values and prospects in the 21st century。Berkeley。  new window
29.Elcome, D.、Baines, J.(1999)。Steps to success--Working with residence and neighbors to develop and implement plans for protected areas。Switzerland。  new window
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33.Johns, S.、Kilpatrick, S.、Falk, I.、Mulford, B.(2000)。School contribution to rural communities: Leadership issues。Tasmania。  new window
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35.Barber, C. V.(2004)。Parks and people in a world of change: Governance, participation and equity。Securing protected areas in the face of global change: Issues and strategies。UK。  new window
其他
1.Zhong guo shi bao \ China Times(2006)。臺東10所國小分校明年擬裁一半。  延伸查詢new window
2.IIED(2005)。Stakeholder Power Analysis，http://www.policy-powertools.org/Tools/Understanding/docs/stakeholder_power_tool_english.pdf， 20120531。  new window
3.WWF(2005)。Cross-cutting tool: Stakeholder analysis，http://assets.panda.org/downloads/1_1_stakeholder_analysis_11_01_05.pdf， 20120520。  new window
圖書論文
1.Huberman, A. M.、Miles, M. B.(1994)。Data management and analysis methods。Handbook of Qualitative Research。Thousand Oaks：London：Sage。  new window
 
 
 
 
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