This study explores the extrinsic and intrinsic motivation that impacts the institutional change of Pingtung Veterans Home from the point of view of historical institutionalism. Also, this study conducts time series analysis to find the characteristics of institutional changes of Pingtung Veterans Home at different stages as well as the impacts of professional social care developments at different stages of institutional changes. The research method adopts content analysis and in-depth interview to collect information related to the changes of the Veterans Home. The important findings of this study are as follows:1. In the analytical aspect of historical extrinsic and intrinsic motivation: The institutional changes of Pingtung Veterans Home were affected by the interaction of extrinsic and intrinsic motivation. There are three elements of politics, economy, and society in extrinsic motivation. And there are three factors of institutional culture, professional systems, and resident needs in intrinsic motivation.2. In the aspect of stages and features of institutional changes: It can be divided into three stages of initiation period (1950-1979), advancing development period (1980-1989), and professional diversification period (1990-present). Through the time series analysis of these three stages, the study found that the process of institutional change reflecting the systems discussed by the historical institutionalism commentators is not always invariable. The critical juncture decision points will continue to adjust its structural limitations and form a punctuated equilibrium.3. In the aspect of impacts of institutional changes on professional care service development: In the imitation period, the professional care service was in a "mode of employment-orientation supplemented by relief." In the second stage of advancing development period, it headed towards the development of "welfare thinking of humane caring and rights safeguard." In the current third stage of professional diversification development, it works towards the policy of "community development."4. For Pingtung Veterans Home being featured as a social care institution, there are three main aspects:(1) Features of institutional systems including institution's leader style, "peers leadership" mode, and the continuation of military management mode.(2) Cultural features of an institution including the significance of emotional summon from the "Veterans Home," veterans being accustomed to the mode of a regular life, and veterans' cross-strait complex slowly fading.(3) Features of professional service including two major professional cares of "retirement home" as well as "eldercare and rehabilitation", norm of professional personnel, and service personnel who are mostly the second generation of veterans.