首都是一國的政治中心，具有象徵意義與政治功能運作機能，與整個國家的發展息息相關，而首都所在的區位本身，有其地理位置條件的考量，亦具有空間治理的意涵，因此首都所在區位，對一個國家而言，具有空間治理的重大意義。 為能深入探討此一議題，本研究首先說明，臺灣首都空間凌亂與失衡發展的治理困境；其次，則分析以遷都或副首都作為首都減壓的策略；第三，透過訪談法，從政治、經濟、社會與環境等角度，分析設置副首都的可行性；最後，提出本研究 有關首都機能空間治理議題，以及設置副首都的相關建議，包括將行政院與立法院遷往中部；司法院、監察院與考試院遷往中部；以及行政院若干部會遷往各縣市等方案。本研究冀望透過此一議題的探討，從首都空間治理的角度，檢視首都區位對國土空間經營的影響，並進一步喚起社會各階層對此一議題的重視，以匯聚更大共識，提升首都空間之治理品質。

A capital city is the national political center, and it features political functions that symbolize the nation. Therefore, a capital city is closely related to national development. In regard to the location of a capital city, geographical site and the meaning of spacial governance have to be considered. That means that the location of a capital city is critical for a nation. There are several issues discussed in this paper. Firstly, chaos of capital space and uneven development will be examined. Secondly, moving capitals or alternative capitals as an approach of decompressing capitals will be analyzed. Thirdly, the feasibility of alternative capital will be discussed by an interview method from different perspectives of politics, economics, society and environment. Lastly, three suggestions concerning an alternative Taiwanese capital will be put forward, including 1. Moving the Executive Yuan and Legislative Yuan to central Taiwan; 2. Moving the Judicial Yuan, Control Yuan and Examination Yuan to central Taiwan; and 3. Moving some ministries of the Executive Yuan to other counties or cities. The study aims to explore an issue of capital space governance in order to understand the effect of territorial space from relocating a capital city and invoking concerns of society. Thereby, we can get a general consensus to upgrade the quality of governance on capital space.