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題名：心理助人工作者「同理失衡量表」之編製
書刊名：輔導與諮商學報
作者：蔡依玲／陳婉真 引用關係／黃禎慧
作者(外文)：Tsai, Yi-ling／Chen, Wan-chen／Huang, Chen-hui
出版日期：2015
卷期：37:2
頁次：頁57-71
主題關鍵詞：心理助人工作者；同理失衡；量表編製；Empathic strain；Psychological helpers；Scale development
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(1) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:1
  • 共同引用共同引用:26
  • 點閱點閱:61
本研究旨在建立衡量同理失衡之量化工具，以瞭解助人者同理失衡之概況。本研究採問卷調查法，使用自編的「同理失衡量表」進行研究，量表包含同理壓抑與同理陷入兩個分量表，共計13題。正式研究對象以立意取樣的方式，分別選取專業心理助人工作者、助人工作實習學生以及心理助人志工三類助人工作類型，有效樣本為239人。所得資料以探索性因素分析、驗證性因素分析、單因子變異數分析及皮爾遜積差相關等統計方法進行分析。結果顯示：（1）分量表的Cronbach's α為.87與.84，總量表的Cronbach's α為.90，顯示本量表具有良好的內部一致性信度；（2）分量表間的同質性佳，且具有良好的建構效度與效標關聯效度；（3）三種類型的助人工作者在同理失衡有顯著的差異，專業心理助人工作者與助人工作實習學生比心理助人志工是較容易出現同理失衡與同理陷入的現象。整體而言，本研究的貢獻乃發展同理失衡量表，進而協助助人者能對同理失衡進行更多自我覺察與有效的因應。根據研究結果提出具體建議，供心理諮商與輔導實務的教育養成與未來研究做為參考。
The main purpose of this study was to develop a quantitative measure to assess empathic strain of psychological helpers, and to understand the situation of empathic strain. The study adopted a method of questionnaire survey, and the instruments used in this study were ＂Empathic Strain Scale＂. There were 13 items in this scale including two sub-scale, empathic repression and empathic enmeshment. The study used the purposive sampling to get the questionnaires, and the effective participants were 239 psychological helpers in Taiwan. The study was analyzed by exploratory factor analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, one-way Anova and Pearson's product-moment correlation. The main findings of this study were as follows: (1) the Cronbach's alpha coefficient of two sun-scales were .87 and .84, and .90 of the whole scale; (2) In validity analysis, the construct validity and the confirmatory factor analyses were performed, showing that the overall model fit the data well. Moreover, it also showed the good the criterion-related validity; (3) the significant differences was demonstrated among three types of psychological helpers, which the score of empathic strain was higher in professional helper and intern students than in volunteer helpers. Overall, the contribution of this study is to develop the ＂Empathic Strain Scale＂, and thus assist the psychological helpers to enhance their self-awareness and effective coping. According to the findings, the discussion and specific recommendations for psychological counseling practice, counseling education, and future related research were discussed accordingly.
期刊論文
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5.陳雅婷、王智弘(20071100)。私人開業心理諮商診所的行銷倫理。應用倫理研究通訊，44，15-21。new window  延伸查詢new window
6.Rogers, Carl R.(1975)。Empathic: An Unappreciated Way of Being。The Counseling Psychologist，5(2)，2-10。  new window
7.程景琳、廖小雯(20131200)。「同理反應情境式量表」之編製與信效度檢驗。健康促進與衛生教育學報，40，69-95。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.董淑鈴(20041200)。淺談心理治療中的反移情。輔導季刊，40(4)，33-39。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.魏源(2005)。同理心：心理諮詢與治療關係中的特質概念。中國臨床康復，9(40)，80-81。  延伸查詢new window
10.Catherall, D. R.(1991)。Aggression and projective identification in the treatment of victims。Psychotherapy，28，145-149。  new window
11.Corcoran, K. J.(1982)。An exploratory investigation into self-other differentiation: Empirical evidence for a monistic perspective on empathy。Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice，19(1)，63-68。  new window
12.Davis, M. H.、Soderlund, T.、Cole, J.、Gadol, E.、Kute, M.、Myers, M.(2004)。Cognitions associated with attempts to empathize: How do we imagine the perspective of another。Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin，30，1625-1635。  new window
13.Gerdes, K. E.、Segal, E.(2011)。Importance of empathy for social work practice: Integrating new science。Social Work，56(2)，141-148。  new window
14.Hayes, J. A.、Gelso, C. J.、Van Wagoner, S. L.、Diemer, R. A.(1991)。Manage counter-transference: What the experts think。Psychological Reports，69，139-148。  new window
15.Maslach, C.、Jackson, S. E.(1981)。The measurement of experience burnout。Journal of Occupational Behaviors，2，99-113。  new window
16.Shubs, C. H.(2008)。Countertransference issues in the assessment and treatment of trauma recovery with victims of violent crime。Psychoanalytic Psychology，25(1)，156-180。  new window
17.Southern, S.(2007)。Countertransference and intersubjectivity: Golden opportunities in clinical supervision。Sexual addiction and compulsivity，14，279-302。  new window
18.Stebnicki, M.(2007)。Empathy fatigue: Healing the mind, body, and spirit of professional counselors。American Journal of Psychiatric Rehabilitation，10，317-338。  new window
19.West, A.(2010)。Supervising counsellors and psychotherapists who work with trauma: a Delphi study。British Journal of Guidance & Counselling，38(4)，409-430。  new window
20.許維素(20040600)。社區諮商義工焦點解決短期諮商初階訓練方案。應用心理研究，22，217-249。new window  延伸查詢new window
21.潘怡如、李明濱(20041000)。同理心的心身醫學觀。北市醫學雜誌，1(4)，385-392。  延伸查詢new window
22.謝珮玲、王麗斐(20070600)。心理治療師反移情經驗之歷程研究。教育心理學報，38(4)，461-480。new window  延伸查詢new window
23.McCann, I. Lisa、Pearlman, Laurie A.(1990)。Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims。Journal of Traumatic Stress，3(1)，131-149。  new window
24.Davis, Mark H.(1983)。Measuring individual differences in empathy: Evidence for a multidimensional approach。Journal of Personality and Social Psychology，44(1)，113-126。  new window
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學位論文
1.張希言(2008)。同理心、展現規則、情緒勞務與工作滿足關係之研究--以護理人員為樣本(碩士論文)。臺灣大學，臺北。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳百越(2003)。治療者自我涉入、同理心與初期治療關係的探討(碩士論文)。中原大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.黃孟寅(2011)。諮商心理師專業耗竭與自我照顧之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立暨南國際大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.簡華妏(2007)。華人文化脈落中諮商與心理輔導專業工作者之反移情處理能力、孝道信念與順道行為對諮商效能的影響之研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.胡峯鳳(2007)。大專院校諮商師替代性創傷、自我照顧及組織脈絡之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立暨南國際大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.曾威豪(2009)。助人工作者之不同成人依附風格、個體化與同理心之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立臺灣師範大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.廖本富(2000)。「互為主體性」的故事性同理心訓練團體對張老師同理心之效果研究(碩士論文)。彰化師範大學，彰化市。  延伸查詢new window
8.劉盈宏(2007)。全職駐地實習諮商師的實習經驗與專業成長之相關研究(碩士論文)。國立暨南國際大學，南投。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.洪素珍、楊大和、黃燕珠、Pearlman, L. A.、Saakvitne, K. W.(2002)。創傷與治療師：亂倫生存者心理治療中的反移情與替代性受創。台北：五南圖書。  延伸查詢new window
2.蘇絢慧(2011)。當傷痛來臨：陪伴的修練。臺北：寶瓶文化事業有限公司。  延伸查詢new window
3.翁開誠(1986)。同理心--多向度測量與相關研究。大洋。  延伸查詢new window
4.Pearlman, L. A.(2003)。Trauma and Attachment Belief Scale (TABS) manual。Los Angeles, CA：Western Psychological Services。  new window
5.Scott, M. J.、Stradling, S. G.(2000)。Counselling for post-traumatic stress disorder。London：Sage Publications。  new window
6.Wilson, J. P.、Lindy, J. D.(1994)。Countertransference in the treatment of PTSD。London, UK：Guilford。  new window
7.陳豐偉、張家銘、Ciaramicoki, P.、Ketcham, K.(2005)。同理心的力量。台北：麥田出版。  延伸查詢new window
8.楊世瑩(2006)。SPSS統計分析實務。臺北：旗標。  延伸查詢new window
9.Ornum, W. V.、Dunlap, L. L.、Shore, M. F.(2008)。Psychological testing across the life span。Upper Saddle Rim, NJ：Upper Saddle River, NJ：Pedarson Education：Pearson Prentice Hall。  new window
10.張春興(2006)。現代心理學。臺北市：東華。  延伸查詢new window
11.Hair, Joseph F. Jr.、Anderson, Rolph E.、Tatham, Ronald L.、Black, William C.、Babin, Barry J.(1998)。Multivariate data analysis。Prentice-Hall, Inc.。  new window
12.吳美慧、吳春勇、吳信賢(1995)。義工制度的理論與實施。臺北市：心理出版社。  延伸查詢new window
13.邱皓政(2006)。量化研究與計量分析：SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。五南。  延伸查詢new window
14.Corey, G.、Corey, M. S.(1993)。Becoming a helper。Pacific Grove, CA：Brooks/Cole。  new window
15.Baird, B. N.(1996)。The Internship, Practicum, and Field Placement Handbook: A Guide for the Helping Professions。The Internship, Practicum, and Field Placement Handbook: A Guide for the Helping Professions。Upper Saddle River, NJ：Prentice Hall。  new window
圖書論文
1.Lansen, J.、Haans, T.(2004)。Clinical supervision for trauma therapists。Broken spirits: The treatment of traumatised asylum seekers, refugees, war and torture victims。New York：Brunner-Routledge。  new window
2.Maxwell, M. J.、Sturm, C.(1994)。Countertransference in the treatment of war veterans。Countertransference in the treatment of PTSD。New York：Guildford Press。  new window
3.Wilson, J. P.、Lindy, J. D.、Raphael, B.(1994)。Empathic strain and therapist defense: Type I and II CTRs。Countertransference in the treatment of PTSD。London：Guilford。  new window
4.Hoffman, Martin L.(1984)。Interaction of affect and cognition in empathy。Emotions, Cognition, and Behavior。Cambridge, England：Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Rogers, C. R.(1959)。A theory of therapy, personality, and interpersonal relationships as developed in the client-centered framework。Psychology: A study of a science: Vol. III. Formulations of the person in the social context。New York：McGraw-Hill。  new window
6.Browne, Michael W.、Cudeck, Robert(1993)。Alternative ways of assessing model fit。Testing Structural Equation Models。Sage。  new window
 
 
 
 
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