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題名:我國選舉訴訟之判決分析與制度檢討
書刊名:東吳政治學報
作者:陳朝政
作者(外文):Chen, Chao-cheng
出版日期:2015
卷期:33:4
頁次:頁73-131
主題關鍵詞:選舉訴訟當選無效之訴選罷法賄選意圖使人不當選Election lawsuitElected candidate invalidity lawsuitVote-buyingMaking other candidates lose the election on purpose
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:192
  • 點閱點閱:97
本文首先分析2000-2012年選舉訴訟判決,確認我國選舉訴訟主要是當選無效之訴,且「賄選、選舉誹謗、當選票數不實、幽靈人口」是原告提起當選無效之訴的主要事由。然後,針對這些選舉訴訟爭執焦點,檢討我國選舉法律及訴訟審理相關問題,包括:(1)候選人在選舉期間對選舉人的贈與及招待,是否構成賄選的懷疑空間;(2)選舉誹謗確為選舉訴訟主要的、常見的爭議,選罷法雖有「意圖使人不當選罪」,但處罰過輕難以產生遏止效果;(3)當選票數不實,是否應計入潛在性選票?(4)潛在性選票若產生,是否可同時提起選舉無效之訴及當選無效之訴?針對上述問題,筆者提出下列建議:(1)參考日本公職選舉法及韓國公職人員選舉法,在保留目前選罷法賄選罪規定之外,另增訂條文,禁止候選人在選舉期間對選舉人之贈與及招待;(2)針對公眾人物、政治人物的故意不實指控,已非言論自由保障之範疇,又有害於選舉公平及選舉風氣,故建議增設「意圖使人不當選罪」之最低處罰刑度,以三個月或六個月為宜;(3)應將潛在性選票列為選舉無效之訴而非當選無效之訴的提起事由;(4)應將選舉無效之訴視為先位訴訟,當選無效之訴視為備位訴訟,以處理選舉無效之訴和當選無效之訴的競合問題。
The article initially analyzes judgments of election lawsuits from 2000 until 2012 in order to affirm that most election lawsuits filed are based on vote-buying, defamations during the election, fraudulent numbers of votes, and phantom voters as reasons. Focusing on those reasons, the author intends to review problems in Taiwan's election acts (the Civil Servants Election and Recall Act, the Presidential and Vice Presidential Election and the Recall Act) and trials of election lawsuits in the following. First, does the gift giving and entertaining by candidates form any suspicion of bribery to electors during a campaign? Second, is the dispute over election defamations too common in election lawsuits as the punishment is too light to deter such a behavior. Third, should we count potential votes in cases of a fraudulent number of votes? Fourth, if there are potential votes, can be the lawsuits of election invalidity and elected candidate invalidity both be filed simultaneously? Aiming to answer the above questions, the author provides the following suggestions. First, to referring to electoral laws in Japan and Korea, an article that forbids gift giving and entertaining by candidates for electors during a campaign can be added to Taiwan's election act. Second, intentionally fraudulent accusations aimed at celebrities and politicians are not covered under freedom of speech. Furthermore, the accusation harms the justice and values in elections. Thus, the author recommends adding a minimum punishment for election defamations of three months to six months in prison. The potential votes should be filed as the reason for the lawsuit of election invalidity instead of elected candidate invalidity. Fourth, in order to resolve the overlap in lawsuits, the election invalidity lawsuits should be filed prior to elected candidate invalidity lawsuits.
期刊論文
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15.呂麗慧(20110100)。從美國法『公眾人物理論』論我國民事侵害名譽權法之『公眾人物概念』。東吳法律學報,22(3),51-93。new window  延伸查詢new window
16.吳泰辰(2008)。選舉訴訟之政治行為分析:以第四屆高雄市長選舉個案研究。中國地方自治,61(5),3-23。  延伸查詢new window
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27.張傳賢(20121100)。政黨認同、負面資訊的競爭與選民投票抉擇:2010年五都選舉的實證研究。選舉研究,19(2),37-70。new window  延伸查詢new window
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會議論文
1.吳重禮(2009)。司法與政治:臺灣賄選訴訟案件的影響因素分析。當前競選經費規範問題與對策學術研討會。臺北:中央選舉委員會與國立政治大學選舉研究中心。99-128。  延伸查詢new window
研究報告
1.董翔飛(1989)。公職人員選舉制度之比較研究。台北:行政院研究發展考核委員會。  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.黃雅榜(1974)。我國選舉罷免訴訟制度之研究(碩士論文)。國立政治大學。  延伸查詢new window
2.陳進會(1984)。中日兩國選舉訴訟之比較研究(碩士論文)。國立中興大學。  延伸查詢new window
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4.孫銘鴻(2011)。從台灣賄選案件探討政治因素對於司法審判之影響(碩士論文)。國立中央大學。  延伸查詢new window
5.林于捷(2013)。選舉中誹謗言論相關問題之探討--以公職人員選舉罷免法第104條為中心(碩士論文)。國立臺北大學。  延伸查詢new window
6.李伊婷(2011)。政治因素對於法院審理之影響分析:以臺灣選舉誹謗司法案件為例(碩士論文)。國立中央大學。  延伸查詢new window
7.吳泰辰(2008)。選舉訴訟之政治行為分析--以第四屆高雄市長選舉為例(碩士論文)。東海大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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其他
1.黃國鐘(2006)。選舉訴訟與職權主義,http://old.npf.org.tw/PUBLICATION/TE/095/TE-R-095-043.htm。  new window
2.黃錦堂,呂啟元(2010)。選罷法當選無效要件之檢討,http://www.npf.org.tw/post/2/7510#。  延伸查詢new window
3.林孟皇(2008)。民、刑事判決怎會歧異?,http://www.lre.org.tw/read.php?id=614。  延伸查詢new window
4.自由時報(20141020)。在選區內發扇子惹議日本法務大臣松島綠請辭,http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/world/breakingnews/1136265。  延伸查詢new window
5.日本經濟新聞(2014)。松島法相も辞任の意向 小渕氏に続き政権に打撃,http://www.nikkei.com/article/DGXLASFK20H0L_Q4A021C1000000/。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.項昌權(1989)。臺灣地方選舉訴訟案件之分析與檢討。選舉與政治參與。臺北:國民大會憲政研討會。  延伸查詢new window
2.法治斌(2003)。當表意自由碰到名譽保護時,歐洲人怎麼辦?。法治國家與表意自由--憲法專論。臺北:正典出版公司。  延伸查詢new window
3.吳庚(1989)。選舉爭訟事件的法律救濟途徑:兼論選舉罷免法立法技術上的缺點。選舉與政治參與。臺北:國民大會憲政研討會。  延伸查詢new window
4.古登美(1985)。選舉罷免訴訟。中華民國選舉罷免制度。臺北:中央選舉委員會。  延伸查詢new window
 
 
 
 
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