Since the implementation of projects of "Rent Reduced to 37.5%" in 1949 and "Land for Tillers" in 1953, Taiwan has patronized self-tilling peasents, and at the same time promoted every kind of rural construction to promote agricultural production, rural prosperity, as well as commercial and industrial thriving to bring out the economic development of the whole country. In 1970s, as economic development in Taiwan was so fast, agricultural and rural structure changed, and there arose problems of labor shortage, low incomes of peasants and struggle for land between agriculture and industry. The government, therefore, sped up aggressively projects of rural construction by enlarging scale of farm management and promoting agricultural mechanization so as to raisc agricultural productivity to balance off the incomes of farmers and non-farmers. In recent years, impacts of international trade liberalizatiion, issues of agricultural protection and maintenance of farms again attract great national attention. Undoubtedly, these facts prove that the development of Taiwanese agriculture and rural construction lies basically on the success of land reform though stages of economic development vary and connotations of land reform differ. The first stage of land reform in Taiwan is primarily to let tillers gain land ownership so as to solve problems of unbalanced distribution of land among "big landlords and little peasants". The Second stage is to cnlarge farm management scale to promote utilization of farms and maintenance of agricultural development by means of enlarging right of using farms, making "little landlords and big peasants". The main contents of the second stage land reform includes "Providing of loans needed in land procurement for enlargement of farm management enlargement", "Pushing entrusted and cooperated management", "Speeding up realignment of farm land boundaries", "Emphasizing promotion of agricultural mechanization", "Complying measures to be taken" etc. The main purpose of this article is to look back upon the background, process and results of land reform enforced in Taiwan, and make a historical expounding of the changes of rural construction and agricultural policies in the process of economic development in the last forty years of every circle to have further under-standing about the land reform enforced in Taiwan as well as for the reference of other countries which might need this kind of assistance when they do land reforms or promote rural constructions.