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題名：臺灣地區成年人吸菸盛行率及其與教育和職業之關係：菸害防制法實施前的狀況（1993∼1996）
書刊名：中華公共衛生雜誌
作者：潘怜燕／李蘭
作者(外文)：Pan, Ling-yen／Lee, Lan
出版日期：1999
卷期：18:3
頁次：頁199-208
主題關鍵詞：成人；吸菸；盛行率；教育；職業；Adult；Smoking；Prevalence；Education；Occupation
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(12) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:12
  • 共同引用共同引用:61
  • 點閱點閱:104
　　　　　目標︰吸菸是許多導致過早死亡的原因中能事先予以預防的。群體的吸菸盛行率是反映菸害程度與鑑別高危險群的重要指標。本研究目的在呈現台灣地區菸害防制法實施前的成人吸菸盛行狀況，並探討教育及職業與吸菸的關係。方法：自1993年，1994年及1996年分別完成的全台灣地區抽樣調查資料檔，各挑出年齡、性別、教育程度、職業等級與吸菸行為等五個變項進行統計分析。結果：不論年度，成年男性之吸菸率以25-44歲、國中程度者及技術性工人較高。成年女性吸菸率則是65歲以上較高。經年齡標準化處理後，1993年，1994年及1996年成年男性之吸菸率分別為50.07%、 51.59%和51.89%；女性則分別為2.82%、6.35%和4.63%。控制性別與年齡的影響後，有吸菸的可能性為大專及以上教育程度者顯著地低於小學及以下程度者；技術性工人顯著地高於專業或行政人員。在戒菸的可能性方面，則為大專及以上程度者顯著地高於小學及以下程度者；技術性工人和半技術工人及無業者則顯著地低於專業或行政人員。結論：為監測國人吸菸盛行狀況，定期舉辦且採統一定義的盛行率調查是必須的。教育程度及職業等級與吸菸行為的顯著關係，可供規劃菸害防制介入策略與界定高危險群的參考。
　　　　　Objectives: Smoking has been recognized as the single most important preventable causes of premature death. Prevalence of tobacco use in a population is an important measure of the magnitude of smoking problem. The purpose of this study is to understand Taiwanese adults' smoking rates and the associated risk factors for smoking before the implementation of the Tobacco Hazards Control Act in 1997. Methods: Data were obtained from three nationwide surveys. Variables including age, sex, education, occupation, and smoking behavior were selected for analysis. Results: Major findings were: (1)For male adults, the highest current smoking rates were found in the subgroups of those aged 25-44 years, technical workers and those with an educational level of junior high school. For female adults, the highest current smoking rate was found in those 65 years and older. The age-adjusted smoking rates for males who currently smoke in 1993, 1994, and 1996 were 50.07%, 51.59%, and 51.89%, respectively. The age-adjusted smoki ng rates for females who currently smoke for the same years were 2.82%, 6.35% and 4.63%, respectively. (2)After controlling for sex and age, the smoking rate for individuals who currently smoke and for those who have ever smoked were significantly lower for the subgroup of college graduates than for the subgroup of individuals with only an elementary education. Compared to professionals, technical workers had higher smoking rates. (3)Smokers with higher educational levels and those working as professionals had the highest cessation rates. Conclusions: In order to monitor the smoking prevalence in Taiwan, it is imperative to establish a surveillance system. Since education and occupation have been proved to play important roles, researchers and practitioners should use these findings to identify and develop effective strategies for high risk groups.
期刊論文
1.謝淑卿、尹祚芊(1996)。成人菸害認知、吸菸行為及相關因素之探討。護理研究雜誌，4(2)，115-125。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.Centers for Disease Control(1991)。Smoking attributable mortality and years of potential life lost, United States, 1988。MMWR，40，62-71。  new window
3.Pierce, J. P.(1989)。International comparisons of trends in cigarette smoking prevalence。Am J Publ Health，79，152-157。  new window
4.Brackbill, R.、Frazier, T.、Shilling, S.(1988)。Smoking characteristics of US workers, 1978-1980。Am J Ind Med，13，5-41。  new window
5.Waldron, I.、Lye, D.(1989)。Employment, unemployment, occupation, and smoking。Am J Prev Med，5，142-149。  new window
6.Nelson, D. E.、Emont, S. L.、Brackbill, R. M.、Cameron, L. L.、Peddicord, J.、Fiore, M. C.(1994)。Cigarette smoking prevalence by occupation in the United States。J Occup Med，36，516-525。  new window
7.黃淑貞(19971200)。大學生健康信念、自我效能、社會支持與吸菸行為研究。學校衛生，31，30-44。  延伸查詢new window
8.李隆安(19940900)。抽樣調查新方法的探討。調查研究，試刊號，5-35。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.National Institute of Health, Centers for Disease Control(1994)。Cigarette smoking among adults--United States, 1992, and changes in the definition of current cigarette smoking。MMWR，43，342-346。  new window
10.Stronks, K.、van de Mheen, H. D.、Looman, C. W.、Mackenbach, J. P.(1997)。Cultural, material, and psychosocial correlates of the socioeconomic gradient in smoking behavior among adults。Prev Med，26(5 Pt 1)，754-766。  new window
11.Curtin, F.、Morabia, A.、Bernstein, M.(1997)。Smoking behavior in a Swiss urban population: the role of gender and education。Prev Med，26(5 Pt 1)，658-663。  new window
12.Giovino, G. A.、Schooley, M. W.、Zhu, B.-P.(1994)。Surveillance for selected tobacco-use behaviors--United States, 1900-1994。MMWR，43(SS-3)，1-43。  new window
13.Sorensen, G.、Pechacek, T.(1986)。Occupational and sex differences in smoking and smoking cessation。J Occup Med，28，360-364。  new window
14.Novotny, T. E.、Warner, K. E.、Kendrick, J. S.、Remington, P. L.(1988)。Smoking by Macks and whites: socioeconimic and demographic differences。Am J Publ Health，78，1187-1189。  new window
15.陳錫琦(19960500)。國小學生吸菸意向之預測--長期追蹤研究。衛生教育論文集刊，9，187-210。  延伸查詢new window
16.魏米秀、呂昌明(19950500)。某工專夜間部吸菸男生之戒菸意圖、戒菸行為及其影響因素之研究。衛生教育論文集刊，8，21-32。  延伸查詢new window
17.李蘭、陸玓玲、李隆安、黃美維、潘怜燕、鄧肖琳(19950800)。臺灣地區成人的健康行為探討：分佈情形、因素結構和相關因素。中華公共衛生雜誌，14(4)，358-368。new window  延伸查詢new window
18.李蘭、潘怜燕、晏涵文、李隆安(19941000)。臺灣地區成年人之吸菸現況：盛行率及危險因子。中華公共衛生雜誌，13(5)，371-380。new window  延伸查詢new window
會議論文
1.Thirty-Ninth World Health Assemble(1986)。Tobacco or Health: Resolution WHA39.14。Thirty-Ninth World Health Assemble。Geneva：World Health Organization。  new window
研究報告
1.黃松元、余玉眉、江永盛、陳政友、賴香如、何瑞琴(1991)。台灣地區青少年吸菸行為調查研究報告。台北：行政院衛生署。  延伸查詢new window
2.內政部(1994)。中華民國台閩地區人口統計（民國八十二年）。台北：行政院內政部。  延伸查詢new window
3.內政部(1995)。中華民國台閩地區人口統計（民國八十三年）。台北：行政院內政部。  延伸查詢new window
4.內政部(1997)。中華民國台閩地區人口統計（民國八十五年）。台北：行政院內政部。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Centers for Disease Control(1989)。Reducing the Health Consequences of Smoking: 25 Years of Progress--A Report of the Surgeon General。Rockville, MD：US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service。  new window
2.Chollat-Traquet, C.(1992)。Women and Tobacco。Geneva：World Health Organization。  new window
3.U.S. Department of Health and Human Services(1985)。The health consequences of smoking-cancer and chronic lung disease in the workplace. A report of the Surgeon Geneml。Rockville, Maryland：U. S. Department of Health and Human Services。  new window
4.台灣省菸酒公賣局(1997)。台灣地區菸酒市場調查總報告：中華民國八十五年。台北：台灣省菸酒公賣局。  延伸查詢new window
5.李蘭、蕭朱杏、陳宛辰、陸玓玲、葛梅貞(1996)。台灣地區青少年與成年人有關嚼檳榔之認知與行為調查。台北：行政院衛生署。  延伸查詢new window
6.World Health Organization(1997)。Tobacco or Health: A Global Status Report。Geneva：World Health Organization。  new window
7.World Health Organization(1998)。Guidelines for Controlling and Monitoring the Tobacco Epidemic。Geneva：World Health Organization。  new window
8.Peto, R.、Lopez, A.、Boreham, J.、Thun, M.、Heath, C. Jr.(1994)。Mortality from smoking in developed countries, 1950-2000: indirect estimates from national vital statistics。Oxford, England：Oxford University Press。  new window
其他
1.Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC(1996)。History of the 1964 Surgeon General's Report on Smoking and Health，http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/osh/30yrsgen.htm。  new window
2.Office on Smoking and Health, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, CDC(1996)。Smoking prevalence among U. S. adults，http://www.cdc.gov/nccdphp/osh/prevali.htm。  new window
圖書論文
1.Marmot, M.、Bobak, M.、Smith, G. D.(1995)。Explanations for social inequalities in health。Society and Health。New York：Oxford University Press。  new window
 
 
 
 
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