本文以社會救助法修訂過程作為研究分析之對象，剖析該法在修訂過程中，行政科層和國會之間的互動。民國八十年代，兩部門的互動關係已經不同於六十年代的社會福利政策的立法，行政科層人員在政策的制訂上有相當的影響力，在政策的形成過程中，其角色也不限於只是詮釋和執行已立法通過的政策，他們同時也是一個積極，甚至居於主導地位來發動、規劃或修正政策方案。本文從社會救助法修訂之相關版本比較、行政科層對社會救助法修訂之研擬資料、立法審議過程等，透過這些文獻資料，以期深入瞭解行政科層與國會之間，針對社會福利政策議題如何取得共識並完成立法程序。 本文的研究發現有：第一，行政科層人員的專業能力與所提供的資訊是決定國會議員是否採納政策的重要依據。第二，行政部門中的政務官，專業能力較低，必須仰賴行政科層人員的支援。國會議員與政務官的互動更突顯出政務官的專業性不足。第三，社會救助法案有明顯的概括性，此有利於行政科層人員未來執行政策時有相當大的自由裁量空間。第四，國會議員在社會救助法案上的審議，明顯反映了專業性不足的窘境。我國立法院，隸屬於院內而輔助立法的單位，如預算、法制、資訊等專門機構均付之厥如。加以立委本身，除了少數幾位例外，在法案的審查上不夠用心。這也是行政科層人員能夠在與國會立法互動過程中較站上風的原因。最後，「組織過程模式」的理論概念對本個案的分析具有相當強的解釋力。不過，在本個案中，主要的行動者除了科層人員之外，還有國會議員，因此，「政府政治模式」的理論概念也可以輔助解釋本個案。

　　　　　The purpose of this study is to explore the interaction between the ROC executive agencies and officials (bureaucracies) and the Legislative Yuan in the process that Social Assistance Act (SAA) was revised in 1997. Due to democratic and administrative reforms since the middle of 1980s, the ROC bureaucracy has enhanced its strength and autonomy in the making of public policy. As a matter of fact, the roles played by the ROC bureaucrats are not only in the interpretation and implementation of laws passed by legislative organ, but also in the initiation and guidance of legislation. This study conducts a comparison of the different revised editions of SAA presented respectively by the Executive Yuan and Mr. Shen fu-hsiung, an active DPP legislator. Government documents and gazettes published by the Legislative Yuan with regard to the SAA revision are the major source material used in this study. The findings show that the ROC administrative bureaucrats are in a better position to shape the content of the revision of SAA by the weight of their own influence, because they possess the following powers: (1) professional skills, (2) information control, (3) the ability to structure the preferences of policy decisions, and (4) being adept at social assistance issues.