社會福利政策在國內的民主政治過程中，一直是各個政黨極為重視的政策之一，但是受到臺灣特殊歷史背景因素的影響，過去的社會福利政策經常以保守態度因應。隨著1980年代社會與政治的開放，以及1990年代的政黨競爭，眾多的社會福利政策被提出，在選舉的過程，各個政黨更提出多樣化的社會福利政策。然而2000年臺灣卻首次經歷了政黨輪替，民進黨取代國民黨，此一現象對臺灣的政治與社會福利史上具有特殊意義。本研究乃針對政黨競爭過程中，國民黨執政時代所提出的「中低收入戶老人生活津貼」作為分析的主軸。分析該政策在政黨競爭下的歷史演變，政策的演變如何？分析內容包含形政策形成過程的發展，討論在政黨輪替之後，「中低收入戶老人生活津貼」的角色功能。作為政黨競爭的政策議題，提出該政策未來可能的發展與走向，社會淨貼第策宜納入整體福利政策體系之內進行考量。

The social welfare policy has been an important issue on the political agenda. Due to the particular social and political circumstance in Taiwan, the government tended to adopt a conservative position toward the social welfare policy. Following the political reform in the 1980s and the competition of parties in the 1990s, political arties have endeavored to introduce a series of new social welfare policies. However, the political party substitution after the 2000 Presidential election marked a distinctive stage of the development of the social welfare policy. This study conducts an analysis of the senior Citizens’ Life Allowance of Middle-to-Low Income Households, first introduced by KMT before the substitution, in an attempt to investigate the extent to which this policy was transformed along with the process of competition between parties. This analysis includes the development of allowance policy, and the roles and functions of the Senior Citizens’ Life Allowance of Middle-to-Low Income Households. My conclusion is that this kind of social allowance politics should be integrated into the social welfare system.