為探討鄉村教師付出–回報失衡和職業幸福感對離職意向的影響,選取四川省鄉村教師358名,用付出–回報失衡量表、職業幸福感量表和離職意向問卷進行調查。結果表明:(1)控制月收入、年齡和教齡影響后,鄉村教師付出–回報比顯著提升離職意向;(2)鄉村教師職業幸福感在付出–回報比對離職意向的影響中起部分中介作用;(3)鄉村教師過度投入調節付出–回報比對職業幸福感的影響。與低過度投入組相比,高過度投入組的付出–回報比對職業幸福感有更強的負向作用。研究結果揭示了鄉村教師付出–回報失衡對離職意向影響及作用機制。

The present study aimed at exploring the effects of effort-reward imbalance and occupational well-being on turnover intention among rural teachers. A total of 358 rural teachers in Sichuan Province completed a set of questionnaires including Effort-Reward Imbalance Scale, Occupational Well-Being Scale and Turnover Intention Questionnaire. The results showed that: 1) rural teachers’ effort-reward ratio significantly improved turnover intention after controlling for monthly income, age and teaching age; 2) rural teachers’ occupational well-being partially mediated the effect of effort-reward ratio on turnover intention; 3) rural teachers’ overcommitment moderated the effect of effort-reward ratio on occupational well-being. Compared with the rural teachers who had lower over-commitment, effort-reward ratio was a stronger predictor of occupational well-being among rural teachers who had higher overcommitment. These results may contribute to the test of Price-Muller turnover model and the new effort-reward imbalance model,and have important reference value for reducing the turnover intention of rural teachers.