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題名:臺灣失業問題研究:失業期間、雙元勞動市場與一般均衡
作者:張文檀 引用關係
作者(外文):Chang Wen Tan
校院名稱:中國文化大學
系所名稱:經濟學研究所
指導教授:黃宗煌
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2005
主題關鍵詞:失業期間雙元勞動市場可計算一般均衡unemployment durationdual labor marketCGE
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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本論文是由三篇與失業問題有關的研究所組成的。第2章「失業期間分析 — 區分母體模型之應用」,源於國內有關失業期間資料中,因缺乏失業勞工退出勞動市場的訊息,而肇致研究者無法以優於傳統存活分析的競爭性風險模型來探討影響失業期間的因素。由於退出勞動市場與就業這兩種結束失業期間的終點,對於相關的勞動政策具有截然不同的政策意涵,故作者以區分母體模型的應用來克服資料的缺憾,而這也是國內首篇將區分母體模型應用至探討失業期間的分析,因此對未來的相關研究具有非常大的參考價值。
第3章「雙元勞動市場分析 — 內生轉換模型之應用」,此章利用「人力運用調查」資料,以目前在檢定勞動市場雙元性存在與否最具公信力之未知體制的內生轉換模型,進行臺灣雙元勞動市場的檢定,實證結果顯示,臺灣勞動市場的確具有雙元勞動市場的特性。本章的另一目的在於為第4章所建構之可計算一般均衡模型之所以選取雙元勞動市場的設定提供一有強而有力的支撐,並由本章的估計結果獲得建制可計算一般均衡模型時所需的雙元勞動市場工資差異參數值。
第4章「可計算一般均衡模型分析 — 失業與雙元勞動市場模型之應用」的主要貢獻在於,放寬了在傳統可計算一般均衡模型中不符時宜的勞動市場設定,即新古典的充分就業假設。為提升使可計算一般均衡模型的於情境模擬的可信度,本章修正並推導出一個具有個體分析基礎的失業及雙元勞動市場模型 — Revised-Bulow-Summers模型,並將此一新生的模型納入可計算一般均衡模型中。Revised-Bulow-Summers模型不但保有原Bulow-Summers模型整合雙元勞動市場理論與效率工資模型理論兩大失業理論的特色,還修正了原Bulow-Summers模型所忽略的非自願性失業,因此對於勞動市場現狀的刻畫更臻完善,而具個體分析基礎的特質則與可計算一般均衡模型更加相襯。
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