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題名:社會市場與社會技術對社會創業影響—非營利組織的社會企業理論建構
作者:張子揚
作者(外文):Chang, Tzu-Yang
校院名稱:輔仁大學
系所名稱:商學研究所
指導教授:胡哲生
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2013
主題關鍵詞:社會企業非營利組織社會策略創業社會市場社會技術social enterprisenon-profit organizationsocial strategic entrepreneurshipsocial marketsocial technology
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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非營利組織在社會使命引領下,展開機會搜尋、資源獲取與市場開發等社會創業歷程,實務運作上卻普遍存在創業資源匱乏的現象。過去關於社會創業的研究,甚少探討非營利組織如何獲取創業資源、吸收知識以遂行社會創業任務,形成理論與實務缺口。本研究採取雙個案比較研究設計,探討不同背景非營利組織促進弱勢就業之社會策略創業歷程,歸納出社會創業能力影響因素。並探討如何將產業技術資源轉化為適合服務對象學習的就業技能,及如何利用經營機會來拓展社會服務市場。首先根據個案內容,各自推演研究命題,繼而經由比較創業歷程特徵與命題內容,建構綜合性理論命題系統。
研究結果顯示促進就業的社會創業資源主要來自於外部的技術移轉與市場機會,與源於內部蓄積的社會資本與社會知識。非營利組織將技術移轉與社會資本兩項資源要素相輔相成,透過組織學習機制以達成社會技術創新;另一方面則整合市場機會與社會知識兩項資源要素以形成組織創業活動例規,進而開發包含消費者與服務對象的社會市場。動態能力在組織學習與資源整合兩方面表現,分別促成社會技術創新與社會市場開發,則可提升改善既有非營利組織經營管理能力以實現社會創業目的。
Guided by their social missions, non-profit organizations (NPOs) go through entrepreneurial processes to seek opportunities, acquire resource, and explore markets. NPOs typically lack resources to pursue social entrepreneurship; However, extant research on social entrepreneurship has seldom explored how NPOs acquire necessary entrepreneurial resources or how they learn to acquire knowledge, so they can endeavor to undertake social entrepreneurial actions. This study endeavors to fill this gap in theory and in practice as well. This research uses two cases to conduct comparative studies. We will first explore how two different NPOs with same objective—to facilitate employment—go through the entrepreneurship process respectively in order to induct influence factor for the capability of social entrepreneurship. In addition, we will analyze their entrepreneurial resource acquisition process to find out how they transform their industry know-how to job skills which their beneficiaries can easily learn. We will also investigate how NPOs exploit business opportunities to expand the scope of their social services. This research will based on the two cases to develop propositions within each case, and then compare these propositions, with a reference to the distinctive characteristics in the entrepreneurial process of each case, to build a more general theory.
This research suggests that with purpose of facilitating employment, social entrepreneurship resource come from external technology transfer and business opportunity, as well as internal accumulated social capital and social knowledge. NPOs complement technology transfer and social capital for achieving social technology innovation through organization leaning. Meanwhile, NPOs integrate business opportunity and social knowledge as entrepreneurship routine to develop social market, which including market consumer and social service objects. Dynamic capability in organization learning and resource integration will facility social technology innovation and social market development respectively, so as to enhance current NPOs management capability for realizing social entrepreneurship purpose.
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