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題名:評析「行為效益主義」與「規則效益主義」
書刊名:哲學與文化
作者:蘇雅慧 引用關係
作者(外文):Su, Ya-hui
出版日期:2008
卷期:35:12=415
頁次:頁137-149
主題關鍵詞:效益主義行為效益主義規則效益主義道德兩難UtilitarianismAct utilitarianismRule utilitarianismMoral dilemmas
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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  • 共同引用共同引用:175
  • 點閱點閱:38
效益主義(utilitarianism)之後的發展,漸形成行為效益主義(act utilitarianism)與規則效益主義(rule utilitarianism)二大範疇。本文進行檢視這二種效益主義的主張及其論證,發現當遇到「道德兩難」情境時,也就是兩條倫理規則相衝突時,行為與規則效益主義皆無法圓滿解決。效益主義以犧牲人的價值來謀求效益的冷酷理論,最終結果雖促成最大效益,卻不能使社會上的每個人得到他自身最滿意的幸福。
This paper is to investigate the main thoughts and arguments of act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism. It is pointed out that both act utilitarianism and rule utilitarianism fail to provide sufficient underpinnings for the condition of moral dilemmas when we feel the need to rely on moral judgments and take action. It is concluded that despite the principle of the pursuit of the greatest happiness of the greatest number, utilitarianism cannot assure that each individual can own the greatest satisfaction and happiness, given that it is meant to sacrifice the benefits of some individuals.
期刊論文
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2.莫兆鳳(1984)。功利主義評析。鵝湖月刊,9(11),9-10。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Knapp, S.(1999)。Utilitarianism and the Ethics of Professional Psychologists。Ethics and Behavior,9,383-393。  new window
圖書
1.Lyons, D.(1965)。Forms and Limits of Utilitarianism。Forms and Limits of Utilitarianism。Oxford。  new window
2.Feldmann, Fred(1978)。Introductory Ethics。Prentice-Hall。  new window
3.Donagan, Alan(1979)。The Theory of Morality。Chicago:University of Chicago Press。  new window
4.Bentham, Jeremy(1789)。An Introduction to the Principles of Morals and Legislation。Oxford, UK:Oxford University Press。  new window
5.Ross, William David(2002)。The Right and the Good。Oxford。  new window
6.王臣瑞(1980)。倫理學:理論與實踐。臺北:臺灣學生書局。  延伸查詢new window
7.約翰.羅爾斯、何懷宏、何包鋼、廖申白(1988)。正義論。北京:中國社會科學出版社。  延伸查詢new window
8.李明輝(19900000)。儒家與康德。新北市:聯經出版事業股份有限公司。new window  延伸查詢new window
9.Rawls, John(1999)。A Theory of Justice。Harvard University Press。  new window
10.Williams, Bernard、Sen, Amartya(1982)。Utilitarianism and Beyond。Cambridge University Press。  new window
11.林火旺(2004)。倫理學。臺北市:五南。  延伸查詢new window
12.McMahon, Darrin M.(2005)。Happiness: A history。Happiness: A history。Washington, D. C.。  new window
13.Mill, John Stuart(1903)。Utilitarianism。Utilitarianism。New York。  new window
14.Holzgrefe, J. L.(2003)。The Humanitarian Intervention Debate。Humanitarian Intervention: Ethical, Legal and Political Dilemmas。Cambridge。  new window
15.Sedgwick, A.(1850)。A Discourse on the Studies of the University of Cambridge。A Discourse on the Studies of the University of Cambridge。London。  new window
16.Lebacqz, K.(1986)。Theories of Justice: Perspectives from Philosophical and Theological Ethics。Theories of Justice: Perspectives from Philosophical and Theological Ethics。Minneapolis。  new window
17.Goodin, R. E.(1995)。Utilitarianism as a Public Philosophy。Utilitarianism as a Public Philosophy。Cambridge。  new window
18.Hare, R. M.(1982)。Moral Thinking: Its Levels, Methods and Point。Moral Thinking: Its Levels, Methods and Point。New York。  new window
19.Lebacqz, K.(1986)。Six Theories of Justice: Perspectives from Philosophical and Theological Ethics。Six Theories of Justice: Perspectives from Philosophical and Theological Ethics。Minneapolis。  new window
 
 
 
 
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