清光緒20年清朝與日本因朝鮮主權問題爆發「甲午戰爭」，清朝戰敗被迫簽訂「馬關條約」，將臺灣與澎湖列島割讓給日本，第二次世界大戰結束，日本將臺灣及澎湖列島歸還中華民國，此期間稱之為臺灣日治時期。本研究以文獻分析方式，驗證臺灣日治時期網球運動發展軌跡，瞭解網球運動發展歷程及背景。網球運動則約於1902－1903年間傳入，但因球拍、球、器材皆仰賴進口非常昂貴，推展不順，只侷限少數人從事，因此成效不大，但此為臺灣網球運動發展之起點。臺灣因日本統治傳入近代體育進而有機會接觸並且發展，且能與日本體育相抗衡，歸納其原因，實因統治者（日本）喜愛，間接影響殖民地（臺灣）體育發展方向，也是臺灣體育發展之特殊過程。

The Japanese colonial period in Taiwan refers to the period between 1895 and 1945, when Taiwan was governed by Japan. This research uses literature analysis to investigate the tennis development during those years through aspects of politics, education, and sports in Taiwan. Tennis was first introduced to Taiwan around 1902-1903. However, it was hard to promote the sport since its equipments were imported and expensive. Later on, the Tennis Department of Taiwan Athletic Association promoted hard-ball tennis to replace soft-ball tennis in order to be connected to the world. Even though the promotion was limited to certain areas, it was a starting point of (hard-ball) tennis development in Taiwan. To sum up, Taiwanese had the opportunities to play modern sports, such as tennis, and recently became a significant competitor with Japan. The direction of sport development in Taiwan might be indirectly impacted by this unique experience of Japanese colony.