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題名：人行步道空間的陰影連續性設計與熱舒適評價
書刊名：都市與計劃
作者：謝俊民／劉怡欣／戴婷婷
作者(外文)：Hsieh, Chun-ming／Liu, Yii-hsin／Dai, Ting-ting
出版日期：2012
卷期：39:4
頁次：頁407-429
主題關鍵詞：溫熱環境；陰影連續性；標準有效溫度；都市設計；人行步道；Thermal environment；Shadow continuity；Standard effective temperature；Urban design；Pedestrian areas
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(3) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
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  • 共同引用共同引用:23
  • 點閱點閱:88
人口成長導致都市發展規模的持續擴張、人工材質與排熱量增加，使都市熱島現象日漸嚴重，減緩都市熱島效應的手法與對策成為近年備受重視的議題。藉由陰影增加改善人體舒適度 (thermal comfort)是有效的策略之一，本研究以「溫熱環境」的觀點，利用陰影降低平均輻射溫度 MRT的策略，增加戶外步行空間陰影的覆蓋，改善人體熱舒適品質。本研究選定台南市海安路的人行步道作為研究區域，對進行夏季期間 8:00~17:00共三時段的 CFD (computational fluid dynamics)陰影模擬，以「陰影堆疊地圖」為基礎，建立「陰影覆蓋比率評估法」及「熱舒適指標評估法」分析陰影分布與熱舒適度。其中，陰影覆蓋比率評估法以陰影評分 (空間連續性 )與權重評分 (時間連續性 )檢討陰影分布情形，而熱舒適指標評估法為利用人體熱舒適評估指標 SET*評估人體熱舒適度。除現況 (case 0)的討論外也提出設置「遮棚改善方案」 (case 1)、植栽改善方案：「小型植栽改善方案」 (case 2-1)、「中型植栽改善方案」 (case 2-2)探討各方案的改善效益。遮棚的設置可改善上午及下午時段單側的熱舒適度，而植栽的熱舒適度改善雖較不顯著，但中型植栽的行道樹設置則可創造出東西兩側步道平均較佳的步行空間環境，至於小型植栽的行道樹設置對於中午時段的熱舒適改善效益則較小。
The urban heat island effect has worsened because of rapid population growth resulting in urban expansion, large heat rejection, and increased use of construction materials. Methods and strategies for alleviating the urban heat island effect thus are important. Increasing shaded areas is considered one of the most efficient strategies for improving human thermal comfort. This study uses the improvement of thermal environment and human thermal comfort to increase shaded areas in outdoor pedestrian spaces to reduce mean radiant temperature (MRT). Selects Hai’an Road in Tainan City as its research area, and simulates the shaded area of the pedestrian space in summer from 8:00 to 17:00 using CFD (computational fluid dynamics) models. Based on the Shadow Superimposition Map, the Shadow Coverage Assessment and Thermal Comfort Assessment are established for evaluating shading distribution and thermal comfort. The former uses shading assessment and weighted mean assessment to assess the spatial and temporal contiguity, while the latter uses SET* to assess the effect of shade on human thermal comfort. Besides examining the current situation (case 0), this study proposes short-term strategies for improving human thermal comfort. These strategies include setting building shelters (case 1), planting small arbores (case 2-1), and planting medium arbores (case 2-2). The installation of shelters is found to perform better in improving thermal comfort on one side in the morning and afternoon, respectively. Meanwhile, planting is less effective in improving thermal comfort. However the planting of medium arbores provides a better walking space on both the east and west sidewalks, while planting of small arbores is of less benefit in improving thermal comfort.
Other
1.魏仕閔(2007)。室內熱舒適度之調查與分析--以焚化廠簡報室為例。  延伸查詢new window
期刊論文
1.孫振義、林憲德(20060300)。臺南地區都市熱島強度全年變動之研究。都市與計劃，33(1)，51-68。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.邱英浩、吳孟芳、譚政泓(20080900)。不同街谷形式對都市風場之影響。建築與規劃學報，9(2)，141-165。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Epstein, Y.、Moran, D.(2006)。Thermal comfort and the heat stress indices。Ind Health，44，388-398。  new window
4.鄭明仁、羅仁豪、李建鋒(20090900)。大學校園戶外環境熱舒適性之實測調查研究。建築學報，69，1-16。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.Lin, T. P.、Matzarakis, A.、Hwang, R. L.(2010)。Shading effect on long-term outdoor thermal comfort。Building and Environment，45(1)，213-221。  new window
6.林憲德、李魁鵬、陳冠廷、林立人、郭曉青、陳子謙(19991200)。臺灣四大都會區都市熱島效應實測解析(1)--國內外都市熱島強度之比較。建築學報，31，51-73。new window  延伸查詢new window
學位論文
1.洪增淵(2004)。演講廳之室內環境品質調查與分析(碩士論文)。朝陽科技大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
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2.林憲德(1994)。現代人類的居住環境。胡氏圖書出版社。  延伸查詢new window
3.(1993)。ASHRAE Handbook--Fundamentals。ASHRAE (American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air-Conditioning Engineers)。  new window
4.Landsberg, H. E.(1981)。The Urban Climate。New York：Academic Press。  new window
其他
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2.內政部(2009)。建築技術規則--建築設計施工編。  延伸查詢new window
3.內政部建築研究所(2008)。97 年度綠建築更新診斷與改造計畫執行成果報導。  延伸查詢new window
4.台南市政府都市發展局(2003)。台南市植栽綠化都市設計審議原則。  延伸查詢new window
5.吉野正敏(1976)。小氣候。  延伸查詢new window
6.江瑞坤、林名男、黃郁文(2009)。代謝當量簡介。  延伸查詢new window
7.李彥頤、江哲銘、蘇慧貞(2007)。住宅建築室內外界面對應氣候變遷熱浪衝擊下室內環境影響。  延伸查詢new window
8.林子平(2007)。熱濕氣候區戶外熱舒適接受範圍與環境設計對策。  延伸查詢new window
9.林憲德(2009)。人居熱環境-建築風土設計的第一課。  延伸查詢new window
10.莊漢昌(2009)。南市/國華友愛新商圈即將規劃假日行人徒步區。  延伸查詢new window
11.陳冠廷(2000)。台灣中小型都市熱島效應之觀測解析。  延伸查詢new window
12.劉怡欣(2010)。夏季都市步行空間陰影設計與評估--以台南中正商圈為例。  延伸查詢new window
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19.Chen, H., Ooka, R., Huang, H., and Tsuchiya, T.(2009)。Study on mitigation measures for outdoor thermal environment on present urban blocks in Tokyo using coupled simulation。  new window
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23.Gedzelman, S. D., Austin, S., Cermak, R., Stefano, N., Partridge, S., Quesenberry, S., and Robinson, D. A.(2003)。Mesoscale aspects of the urban heat island around New York City。  new window
24.Gómez-Mu˜noza, V. M., Porta-Gándarab, M. A., and Fernándezc, J. L.(2010)。Effect of tree shades in urban planning in hot-arid climatic regions。  new window
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