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題名：都市土地發展之環境轉變效率影響因素之研究
作者：郭幸福 引用關係
作者(外文)：Hsing- FuKuo
校院名稱：國立成功大學
系所名稱：都市計劃學系碩博士班
指導教授：鄒克萬
學位類別：博士
出版日期：2010
主題關鍵詞：環境轉變效率；都市土地發展；自然環境衝擊；DPSIP；environmental transformation efficiency；urban land development；natural environmental impact；DPSIP
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
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對於大多數都市來說，為了滿足市民生活與經濟發展的需要，都市擴張或變更都市土地使用型態常是無可避免的選擇，由於改變了土地的自然狀態，通常會對自然環境造成衝擊，在有限的自然資源條件下，如何經由維護環境之角度，減緩都市土地狀態改變過程中對於自然環境之衝擊，並讓環境資源的使用能夠更有效率是非常重要的。
本研究係建立在都市永續發展的理念基礎下，針對既有分析和評估架構之不足，提出在全球環境變遷趨勢下，都市環境轉變效率研究的DPSIP理論模型架構，本研究結合資料包絡分析法和地理加權迴歸分析法來整合分析都市發展中的土地使用型態轉變與都市環境系統之間的複雜關係，提出以都市土地發展之環境轉變效率值作為都市發展效益與自然環境衝擊之綜合評估值，參酌既有相關研究成果的建議、鄰里單元空間尺度特性與分析資料的代表性和使用性，本研究將產出項設定為生活面向的居住人口數、公共設施服務水準和所得等3項指標與生產面向的工商業產值和交通可及性等2項指標；投入項則以生態環境面向指標為主，包括了都市地表溫度、地表逕流量、棲地品質和水資源使用量等4個重要指標。
針對台南市的實證結果發現，效率值的分佈呈現由市中心區往外遞減趨勢，在空間上形成兩條具相對有效率的發展軸線，當距離市中心區越遠時，效率表現隨之變差，且除了少數有效率的里單元在空間上呈現分散存在的特性外，多數有效率的單元在空間上呈現出聚集的狀態。就效率影響因素而言，土地面積、人口密度、距離市中心之距離、土地混合使用程度、容積率和不透水層面積比例等6個因素為影響效率值表現且同時存在著空間不穩定性的影響因素。
本研究從理論和實務個案研究去探究環境轉換效率的本質，研究結果奠定了未來從環境的角度來分析都市效率之基礎，並有助於都市規劃、管理者針對地區之發展狀態，擬定相關的發展和管理策略，並促使都市能夠逐漸達到永續發展的目標。
Changing land use and urban expansion are key drivers of global environmental change, and inevitably consequences of economic and social development for most cities. Although most land use changes alter natural environmental conditions from the perspective of conserving the natural environment, it is crucially important to reduce impacts and increase efficiencies. Based on the principle that urban land use changes in multi use negatively impact the natural environment, this study attempts to design a systematic model named DPSIP(Driving Forces- Pressure- State- Impact- Policy ＆ Pattern) for assessing environmental transformation efficiency based on the planning perspective and employing data envelopment analysis and geographically weighted regression.
This study adopted Tainan as the study area and described nine important indicators to evaluate the relative efficiency of 233 lis in Tainan. On the output side, population, production, income, service quality of infrastructure and accessibility are variable benefits of urban land development; and the inputs utilized are heat island effects, run-off , habitat diversity and water consumption for variable costs or environmental impact indicators which have been used from recent studies. The analytical results demonstrated that the average environmental transformation efficiency was 89.44% which had clear spatial differentiation.
The key indicators affected efficiency score were area, population density, location, mix land uses, floor area ratio and impervious ratio. This study represents a practical and useful method of implementing spatial development strategies to increase environmental transformation efficiency by comparing the efficiency distributions and urban development patterns. Relevant policy implications for the case study are given.
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