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題名:臺東地區莫拉克颱風受災原住民部落國治理實力之探討
書刊名:臺東大學綠色科學學刊
作者:劉烱錫
作者(外文):Liu, Chiung-hsi
出版日期:2013
卷期:3:1
頁次:頁187-216
主題關鍵詞:治理社區營造原住民部落國環境災害GovernanceCommunity empowermentIndigenous peopleTribal nationEnvironmental disaster
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
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發生在2009 年8 月8 日的莫拉克颱風對臺灣東南部的原住民社區造成嚴重傷害。這些社區來自國家文明勢力未侵入前即具有人民、領域、主權的部落國,在二十世紀歷經日本與中華民國統治而被遷移下山與殖民同化。經過救災、清理家園與災難過渡儀式後,行政院文化建設委員會(2012 年5 月20 日升格為「文化部」)自2010 年5 月至2012 年6 月間,透過中華民國社區營造學會與臺東縣南島社區大學發展協會推動這些受災區的社區營造工作,包括補助1 名月薪資2 萬元的專職社區營造員和約每年20 萬元的業務費共三個年度,推動社區工作組織,建構部落地圖、傳統領域、族譜、遷移史及其他文化調查,社區營造員約每兩週在某一社區或其他地點舉行例會,分享部落國重建的甘苦與討論,以達同儕學習成效。行政院國家科學委員會於2010 年8 月支持國立臺東大學進行部落重建的參與式行動研究,觀察行政院文化部社區組織重建的各個會議與探討這些原住民部落國的治理實力。 研究者基於聯合國《原住民權利宣言》與原住民與社區保育區組織(Indigenous and Community Conserved Area, ICCA)所大力推動的原住民治理(governance)概念,並參考澳洲近十多年來在強化原住民治理實力的論述,評估這些部落國在文化部2 年培力期間是否強化治理實力。由六個部落國遷移形成的嘉蘭村,各部落已辦理重返領域的尋根活動,但仍無自己所屬的部落會議與社團法人,還未正式邁向部落國治理。由四個部落國合併形成的Patchaval(大鳥)部落國已建構文化、教育及產業執行團隊,但與村辦公室、部落會議及社區協會間尚未形成治理夥伴。Kanabi(甘那壁)部落國完成部落地圖,但仍未組成工作團隊、部落會議或社團法人等。Tjacuku(大竹)部落仍對部落國治理不感興趣。Djaqup(愛國埔)與Tokuvulj(古木)部落國則在其他社團代理執行社區營造下,在治理方面亦無進展。研究者認為,原住民邁向部落國治理是非常艱鉅的事務,建議行政院原住民族委員會與其他政府相關單位大力支持部落國治理政策。
Typhoon Morakot on August 8, 2009 had seriously damaged many indigenous villages which were moved from Japanese and Chinese government to lowland area, then colonized and assimilated from 1930-1970s in Taitung, south-eastern Taiwan. The Council for Culture Affair of Taiwan entrusted a project to the Community Empowering Society and Austronesian Community College for culture investigation and building governance organization. Every village from July 2010 to June 2012 has a full-time staff member and about 10 thousand American dollars every year for operating during this period. And the National Science Council supported National Taitung University to underground an integrated project of participatory action research with these indigenous communities from August 2010. The author who is an honor member of consortium of Indigenous and Community Conserved Area (ICCA) based on UN declaration on the Rights of indigenous people and reviewed the related thesis from Australia, discussed the governance capacity of these tribal nations which used to own their sovereignty, people and territory before the modern government. After empowering for two years, the six tribal nations of Kaaluan village all returned their past village for worshipping ancestors, but did not form their governance platform or legal social group yet. The Patchaval village which was merged from four tribal nations had diligently formed culture, education, and industry team, but was still lack of governance platform for internal contradiction. The tribal nations of Tjacuku, Kanabi, Djaqup and Tokuvulj did not improve governance capacity very much, mainly because the leaders of executive society were lack of interest about governance. At last, the author suggests strengthening the governance capacity of tribal nations is a very hard and urgent work, the Taiwan government should support vigorously.
期刊論文
1.劉炯錫、潘世珍(19960600)。臺東縣大武鄉大鳥村排灣族野生植物辭彙與用途之調查研究。臺東師院學報,7,113-126。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.郭東雄(20101200)。臺灣paiwan(排灣)族石板屋建築知識與住居文化。臺灣原住民研究論叢,8,117-146。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.Humpage, L.(2005)。Experimenting with a whole of government approach :Indigenous capacity building in New Zealand and Australia。Policy Studies,26(1),47-66。  new window
4.劉烱錫(20111100)。達魯瑪克部落狩獵文化與重建之調查研究。臺東大學綠色科學學刊,1(2),59-80。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.高正治(2010)。莫拉克水患災後在地心理復健模式建構之嘗試。台灣人權促進會季刊,2010(秋)。  延伸查詢new window
6.劉炯錫(20100100)。菲律賓梯田 土石流緩衝區--與大地和平共處有一套 老祖宗教的事原民代代相傳。營建知訊,324,63-68。  延伸查詢new window
7.譚昌國(20090900)。當代排灣族頭目權威的建構:以土坂村Patjalinuk頭目家為例。原住民自然人文期刊,1,145-176。new window  延伸查詢new window
8.Campbell, D.、Hunt, J.(2010)。Community development in Central Australia: Broadening the benefits from land use agreements。CAEPR topical issue,91(7)。  new window
9.McEwan, A. B.、Tsey, K.、McCalman, J.、Travers, H. J.(2010)。Empowerment and change management in Aboriginal organisations: A case study。Australian Health Review,34(3),360-367。  new window
10.譚昌國(20050900)。基督教教義、傳統文化與實踐初探:以東排灣拉里巴聚落臺坂長老教會為例。臺灣宗教研究,4(2),113-158。new window  延伸查詢new window
11.Berkes, Fikret、Colding, Johan、Folke, Carl(2000)。Rediscovery of Traditional Ecological Knowledge as Adaptive Management。Ecological Applications,10(5),1251-1262。  new window
會議論文
1.Grant, C.(2013)。What are IPAs and how do they work?。World Indigenous Network Conference。Darwin。  new window
2.Smith, D.(2005)。Capacity development for indigenous governance: Emerging issues and lessons from the Indigenous Community Governance Project (ICGP)。Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research: Reconciliation Australia ICGP Workshop,Western Australian and Australian Government Partners 。Perth。  new window
研究報告
1.廖秋娥(2012)。莫拉克風災後部落的集體移住與生計變遷--以臺東縣大武鄉為例。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
2.劉烱錫(2012)。臺東縣八八水災整合災害防治、人文關懷及社區重建之參與式行動研究報告。臺北市:國立臺灣大學。  延伸查詢new window
3.劉烱錫、童春發、王文清、林清財、廖秋娥、蔡志偉、鄭月瑛(2010)。八八水災災區重建環境輔導與建言計畫臺東區(E區)期末報告。臺東市:國立臺東大學。  延伸查詢new window
4.謝志成(2012)。莫拉克颱風 八八水災捐款、災情與安置統計。  延伸查詢new window
5.Hunt, J.、Smith, D. E.(2007)。Indigenous community governance project: Year two research findings。Canberra:Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research, The Australian National University。  new window
學位論文
1.官佳岫(2011)。大鳥地區排灣族人生活空間上的記憶、歷史、與家名的流動(碩士論文)。國立臺東大學。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.胡傳(1993)。台東州採訪冊。臺灣省文獻會。  延伸查詢new window
2.Cannell, Fenella(2006)。The Anthropology of Christianity。Durham:Duke University Press。  new window
3.劉烱錫(2003)。原住民族傳統山川名稱調查研究第一期:花蓮縣及臺東縣,期末報告。臺北市:行政院原住民族委員會。  延伸查詢new window
4.Fals-Borda, O.、Rahman, M. A.(1991)。Action and Knowledge: Breaking the monopoly with Participatory action research。New York, NY:Intermediate Technology Pubs:Apex Press。  new window
5.Lausche, B.、Francoise, B.(2010)。Guidelines for protected areas legislation。Bonn:IUCN environmental law programme。  new window
6.Morgan, D. & Associates(2006)。A red tape evaluation in selected Indigenous communities. Final report for the Office of Indigenous Policy Coordination。Canberra:Department of Families, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, the Australian National University。  new window
7.Tsey, K.、McCalman, J.、Bainbridge, R.、Brown, C.(2012)。Improving Indigenous community governance through strengthening Indigenous and government organisational capacity。Canberra:Australian Institute of Health and Welfare & Australian Institute of Family Studies。  new window
8.United Nations Development Programme(2007)。Governance indicators: A user's guide。New York, NY:United Nations Development Programme。  new window
9.譚昌國(20070000)。排灣族。臺北:三民書局。new window  延伸查詢new window
單篇論文
1.Morgan, P.(1998)。Capacity and capacity development: Some strategies,Canadian International Development Agency Policy Branch。  new window
其他
1.經濟部水利署(2009)。莫拉克颱風暴雨量及洪流量分析,http://www.taiwan921.lib.ntu.edu.tw/88pdf/A8801RAIN.pdfhttp://www.taiwan921.lib.ntu.edu.tw/88pdf/A8801RAIN.pdf, 2009/09/09。  new window
2.中央氣象局(2012)。莫拉克颱風,http://rdc28.cwb.gov.tw/data.php。  延伸查詢new window
3.劉烱錫(20050721)。部落主義的災後重建。  延伸查詢new window
4.劉烱錫,高正治,臺邦.撒沙勒(20090823)。再造原鄉,重返祖靈應許地。  延伸查詢new window
5.Hunt, J.(2005)。Capacity development in the international development context: implications for Indigenous Australia,Canberra:Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research. The Australian National University。  new window
6.Organization of Economic Co-operation and Development(2007)。Glossary of statistical terms-definition of governance,http://stats.oecd.org/glossary/detail.asp?ID=7236。  new window
圖書論文
1.莊佩芬(2006)。正義治療:紐西蘭原住民的心理治療典範。當代紐西蘭民主政治。臺北市:臺灣國際研究學會。  延伸查詢new window
2.潘世珍、劉烱錫(2000)。臺東縣大武鄉大鳥村排灣族居家植物之調查。東臺灣原住民民族生態學論文集。臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
3.Abdullah, J.、Young, S.(2010)。Emergent drivers for building and sustaining capacity in Australian Indigenous communities。Challenging capacity building: Comparative perspectives。Basingstoke:Palgrave Macmillan。  new window
 
 
 
 
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