本文認為，中國科幻新浪潮對此前在中國科幻文學中流行的烏托邦主題既有顛覆，亦有變奏的改寫。王晉康的長篇小說《蟻生》（2007），劉慈欣的網路小說《中國2185》（1989）及其《三體》三部曲（2006-2010）、短篇小說《微紀元》（1999）是本文研究的主要文本。本文對於這些作家對烏托邦主題的反思，在1989 年以後思想文化和政治經濟變更的背景中加以分析。本文認為，中國科幻新浪潮給思想層面的烏托邦／惡托邦的變奏注入活力，它既不是對烏托邦的簡單否定，也沒有陷入徹底的惡托邦式的幻滅，這尤其體現在劉慈欣的小說中。在此基礎上，本文對劉慈欣小說所構想的後人類未來，做出一些初步的討論。

The New Wave of Chinese science fiction (sf) presents a subversive rewriting of the utopian theme that prevailed in Chinese literature over the past century. This article focuses on a group of major works by the new generation of Chinese sf writers: Wang Jinkang's Ant Life (2007), Liu Cixin's online novel China 2185 (1989) and the Three-body trilogy (2006-2010), and also his short story ＂Micro-era＂ (1999). The reflections on the utopian theme represented in these works are contextualized in the post-1989 intellectual culture and political/economic changes. This article argues that the New Wave has energized the utopian/dystopian variations; it does no present a simple denial of the utopian vision, nor does it fall into the dystopian disillusionment. Liu Cixin's writings in particularly present this complex view. Based on this understanding, this article also presents some preliminary thoughts on the posthuman vision in Liu Cixin's novels and stories.