In this article, I take the negative image of Xiang Yu in the poetry of the Northern Song Dynasty as the starting point. After looking up the source, I first find that its positive and negative image were actually seen in Records of the Grand Historian, leaving behind two writing ways of "the hero of the world" and "arrogant and conceited". In the Tang Dynasty, the poets also mastered these two directions to discuss the issue, and there was no significant drop in the number of poems. However, in the Northern Song Dynasty, the heroic image was gradually diluted from the early stage, and the related deeds of Xiang Yu were weakened into the medium of "the sense of the ancient and the modern". After the medium term, he was directly dismissed as a "loser" by his disadvantage such as "indiscriminate killing". The behavior was more prominent than ever because of the emphasis on moral standards in the history of the Northern Song Dynasty, making the poems of "negative image" an overwhelming majority. Such turning of Xiang Yu's evaluation, as well as innovative criticism, can reflect the importance of moral judgment and in-depth reflection consciousness in the poetry of the Northern Song Dynasty