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題名:博物館與觀眾
書刊名:博物館學季刊
作者:Alt,Michael B.Griggs,Steven A.Falk,John H.Clarke,David T. D.Morris,BerylJones,Lois SwanOtt,Robert W.Newcomb,Kathleen K.Scroxton,JeremyBain,Iain程延年劉和義王維梅黃坤煒葉貴玉左曼熹蘇麗英林美齡
出版日期:1988
卷期:2:4
頁次:頁3-58
主題關鍵詞:心理學手冊出版行為技術記錄組織設計博物館詢問賣店銷售學生導覽餐飲服務觀眾
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(2) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:2
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:32
本文旨在闡述關於心理學的理論與實際展示設計的關聯。心理學提供的兩個要項為:(1)對博物館觀眾行為的更深入了解; (2)如何將上述研究應用到展示設計的問題上。主要提示如下 -博物館觀眾群到底意昧著什麼意義? -展示品如何適當安排,以符合觀眾心理學的需求。 -觀眾是否具有自由意識去欣賞展示?抑或展示本身具有主導觀眾的魔力? 從「人之模式」去探討:傳統上認為人類行為是由其自身所無法操縱的外力所決定與左右的觀念是錯誤的。設計者需認定觀眾乃 是具有自由意志而並非經由某種巧妙適切的佈置,即可驅動其意向而達到預知的反應。 -不要將博物館視為一種非正式的社會學校來營運,且須設計各個學域之各種課程模式。 -視“人為博物館造訪者”的觀念格外深具意義,設計者要有強烈的意圖去和觀眾溝通,使觀眾能夠主動的自我陶醉並因而啟發其思考,較之於脅迫式、預設式的灌輸更具深意。 -對一個展示的成功與否,必須深入的加以探討,包括: (1)觀眾對展示認知的方式、行為乃至「疲憊感」。 (2)瞭解觀眾在造訪博物館時其所具有的期望、目的與意向。 (3)觀眾的感官效應乃基於過去經驗所具有的世界性模式。 (4)如何將觀眾記憶系統所具有之序列性、組織性,充分應用到展示設計的安排上。
期刊論文
1.Falk, J. H.(1982)。The use of time as a measure of visitor behavior and exhibit effectiveness。Roundtable Reports: The Journal of Museum Education,7(4),10-13。  new window
2.Melton, A. W.(1972)。Visitors Behavior in Museums: Some Early Research in Environmental Design。Human Factors,14(5),393-403。  new window
3.Falk, John H.(1983)。Time and Behavior as Predictors of Learning。Science Education,67(2),267-276。  new window
4.Falk, J. H.、Martin, W. W.、Balling, J. D.(1978)。The novel field-trip phenomenon: Adjustment to novel settings interferes with task learning。Journal of Research in Science Teaching,15(2),127-134。  new window
5.GRIGGS, S. A.、ALT, M. B.(1982)。Visitors to the British Museum (Natural History) in 1980 and 1981。Museums J.,82(3),149-156。  new window
6.Balling, J. B.、Falk, J. H.、Aronson, R.。Pre-trip Programs: An Exploration of Their Effects on Learning from a Single-visit Field Trip to a Zoological Park。Science Education。  new window
7.Falk, J. H.、Balling, J. D.(1982)。The Field Trip Milieu: Learning and Behavior as a Function of Contextual Events。Journal of Educational Research,76(1),22-28。  new window
8.Falk, J. H.(1983)。A Cross-cultural Investigation of the Novel Field Trip Phenomenon: National Museum of Natural History, New Delhi, India。Curator,26(4),315-325。  new window
9.Rosenfeld, S.(1979)。The Context of Informal Learning in Zoos。Roundtable Reports,4(2),1-16。  new window
學位論文
1.Diamond, J.(1980)。The Ethology of Teaching: A Perspective from Observations of Families in Science Centers(博士論文)。University of California。  new window
圖書
1.Screven, C. G.(1974)。The measurement and facilitation of learning in the museum, environment: An experimental, analysis。Washington, DC:Smithsonian Institution Press。  new window
2.Barker, R. G.(1968)。Ecological Psychology。Stanford University Press。  new window
3.Watson, J. B.(1924)。Behaviorism。New York:Norton。  new window
4.Barker, R. G.、Wright, H. F.(1955)。Midwest and Its Children: The Psychological Ecology of an American Town。New York:Harper & Row。  new window
5.Robinson, E. S.(1928)。The Behavior of the Museum Visitor。Washington, D.C.:American Association of Museums。  new window
6.Falk, J. H.。Visitor Locus of Attention: The National Museum of Natural History。Washington, D. C.。  new window
7.Lakota, R. A.(1976)。The National Museum of Natural History as a Behavioral Environment。Washington, D. C.:Smithsonian Office of Museum Programs。  new window
單篇論文
1.Koran, J. J.,Dierking, L. D.,Lehman, J. R.,Koran, M. L.。The Effects of Modeling Behavior on Visitors to an Informal Setting。  new window
圖書論文
1.Gennaro, E.、Stoneberg, S. A.、Tanck, S.(1984)。Chance or the Prepared Mind?。Museum Education Anthology: Perspectives on Informal Learning. Museum Education Roundtable。Washington, D. C.。  new window
2.Koran, J. J.、Koran, M. L.(1984)。The Roles of Attention and Curiosity in Museum Learning。Museum Education Anthology: Perspectives on Informal Learning. Museum Education Roundtable。Washington, D. C.。  new window
 
 
 
 
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