The Management Competence Inventory for Elementary School Principals Consists of ten sub-scales: communication, public relations, coordination, planning, implementation, financial management, human resources management, material resources management, supervision, and evaluation. 248 elementary school teachers from 32 schools were sampled to assess the management competence of their principals. 80 items were selected through item analysis. The discriminatory power of each item were in the range of 1.31 to 2.5. The inventory coefficient alpha was above .90. The coefficient among subscales ranged from .60 to .70. Analysis showed that the whole inventory had high reliability and validity. The inventory can be used to assess the competence of elementary school principals.