:::

詳目顯示

回上一頁
題名:我國高級中等學校學生批判思考能力與態度量表發展之研究
作者:劉秀瑛
作者(外文):Hsiu-Ying, Liu
校院名稱:國立彰化師範大學
系所名稱:工業教育與技術學系
指導教授:趙志揚
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2008
主題關鍵詞:高級中等學校學生批判思考能力態度量表senior high school studentscritical thinkingabilityattitudescales
原始連結:連回原系統網址new window
相關次數:
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(0) 博士論文(0) 專書(0) 專書論文(0)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:0
  • 共同引用共同引用:0
  • 點閱點閱:59
本研究旨在探討批判思考之構念內涵,據以建構「高級中等學校學生批判思考能力量表」與「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」。為達此目的,本研究規劃運用文件分析、深度訪談及問卷調查等研究方法;首先進行相關文獻探討,廣泛蒐集有關批判思考內涵及相關量表工具,量表發展過程訪談三位學生及五位領域專家學者,以歸納批判思考之構念內涵,做為發展量表初稿題項之依據。
量表初稿完成後,由五位專家審題,經三次預試,完成量表之建構。正式施測時,以高級中等學校二年級學生為母群體,採分層叢集隨機取樣,有效樣本數為1,172人,以本研究自編之「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」進行調查研究,問卷資料利用t考驗、單因子變異數分析、pearson積差相關、典型相關、驗證性因素分析、多元逐步迴歸等統計方法,進行研究假設考驗分析,並建立常模。
綜合質性資料的分析歸納與量化資料的統計考驗,獲致以下結論:
壹、「批判思考能力」與「批判思考態度」之構念內涵包含分析、省思、判斷、澄清等四項
貳、本研究自編之「高級中等學校學生批判思考能力量表」具適當的信度與效度
參、本研究自編之「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」信度、效度均良好,整體適合度良好
肆、本研究建立之「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」總分為155,二年級學生常模之平均數為116.18,標準差為13.58
伍、整體而言,批判思考態度表現男生顯著高於女生,高中顯著高於綜合高中、高職
陸、我國高級中等學校學生每週閱讀課外讀物時間愈多者其批判思考態度愈佳
柒、我國高級中等學校學生批判思考態度之現況,在各向度均呈正面傾向
捌、溝通表達、閱讀理解、情緒管理等因素對「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」各向度具顯著解釋力
玖、溝通表達、閱讀理解、情緒管理及每週閱讀課外讀物時數等因素對批判思考態度具有顯著預測力
拾、「高級中等學校學生批判思考態度量表」與「高級中等學校學生批判思考能力量表」達顯著正相關
The study aimed at identifying the fundamental aspects and characteristics of critical thinking, based on which two standardized tests were constructed, namely, The ability scale on critical thinking for senior high school students and The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students. Through extensive literature reviews, interviews, and document analysis, the characteristics of critical thinking and related scale tools were further explored. Besides, to conclude the fundamental aspects and characteristics of critical thinking, we also interviewed eight cases, including three senior high school students and five field experts and scholars. The results from the qualitative studies were concluded, organized, and then used to formulate the questionnaires for the two standardized scales.
The construct of the scales after the five experts’ examination of the questions in the scales and three pre-tests. The finalized scales were put into practice by cluster sampling with 1,172 effective samples, who were second graders in senior high schools, comprehensive high schools and vocational high schools. “The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” was used in this research. To construct the norm, the confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) was performed by AMOS 5.0 to examine the goodness of fit and analyze the convergent validity of each question in the tests. The norm was established, and the data were statistically analyzed by descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), pearson product-moment correlation analysis, confirmatory factor analysis, canonical correlations, and stepwise multiple regression analysis.
The conclusion, based on both the qualitative inductions and quantitative statistics, is listed as follows:
1. The fundamental aspects of ability and attitude on critical thinking include analysis, reflection, decision, and clarification.
2. The reliability and validity of “The ability scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” created in this study are appropriate.
3. The reliability and validity of “The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” created in this study are good, and the entirety imply good fitting.
4. The norm for the second graders was established by “The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” with the mean is 116.18, the standard deviation is 13.58, and the sum is 155.
5. In a nutshell, males score significantly higher than females; students in senior high schools score significantly higher than those in comprehensive high schools and vocational high schools.
6. The more hours of outside reading the students do in a week, the higher their critical thinking attitude score is.
7. The attitude of critical thinking for senior high school students appears positive in all aspects.
8. Communication expression, reading comprehension, and emotions management have significantly explanatory power over the aspects concerned in “The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students”.
9. Communication expression, reading comprehension, emotions management, and the hours of outside reading the students do in a week have significant predictive power over the attitude toward critical thinking.
10. “The attitude scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” and “The ability scale on critical thinking for senior high school students” are significantly positively correlated.
中文部分
文崇一(1988)。中國人的性格—從價值取向談中國國民性,李亦園、楊國樞主編。台北:桂冠。new window
毛連塭、吳清山、陳麗華(1991)。康乃爾批判思考測驗(X級)。臺北:臺北市立師範學院。new window
毛連塭、劉燦樑、陳麗華(1990)。康乃爾批判思考測驗修訂報告。台北:行政院國家科學委員會。new window
王文科(1995)。教育研究法。台北:五南。new window
王正元(主編)(2002)。英語同義辨析大詞典。台北:中央。
吳明隆(2003)。SPSS統計應用學習實務。台北:知城。
吳齊殷(譯)(1999)。R. F. Devellis著。量表的發展:理論與應用。台北:弘智。
巫銘昌(2007)。融滲式的理性思維教學。2007年8月16日,取自http://140.123.23.79/c54027/su/951122.ppt
巫銘昌、梁恩嘉(2002)。理性思維的教學策略。教育研究資訊,10(5),87-109。new window
李宛諭(2005)。隱喻模式應用於國中資優生高層次思考教學成效之研究。國立彰化師範大學教育學系博士論文,未出版,彰化市。new window
李宛諭、張昇鵬(2005)。隱喻模式應用於國中資優生批判思考教學成效之研究。資優教育研究,5(2),25-61。
李美月(2003)。高中生課外閱讀與學業成就關係之研究。國立屏東教育大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
李惠加(1997)。青少年發展。台北:心理。
沈家平、陳文典(2006)。批判思考智能。2006年2月25日,取自http://www.phy.ntnu.edu.tw/nstsc/pdf/book5/03.pdf
周何(主編)(2004)。國語活用辭典,1635。台北:五南。
周雯娟(1998)。都市原住民與非原住民兒童批判思考能力之比較研究。台北市立師範學院國教所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
林幸台、張玉成(1983)。資賦優異兒童高層次認知能力之評量分析。彰化教育學院學報,8,9-26。
林美鳳(2005)。高中生的人格特質、成就動機與社會適應相關之研究高中生的人格特質、成就動機與社會適應相關之研究。國立嘉義大學家庭教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義市。
邱皓政(2002)。量化研究與統計分析:SPSS中文視窗版資料分析範例解析。台北:五南。
姚開屏、陳坤虎(1998)。如何編製一份問卷—以「健康相關生活品質」問卷為例。職能治療學會雜誌,16,1-24[特稿]。
封四維(2005)。批判思考教學的原理與設計。多元教學設計:課程改革的實踐(李咏吟主編)。台北:高等教育。
施信華(2001)。綜合高中學生學習態度、教師效能與學校效能關係之研究。國立彰化師範大學工業教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,彰化市。
夏征農(主編)(1992)。辭海,3778。台北:東華。
徐建國(1997)。高中生批判思考能力相關因素之研究。國立臺灣師範大學公民訓育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。new window
徐筱菁(2004)。師院學生批判思考能力的培養—批判思考策略融入社會領域課程的實驗心得。2004創造力教育國際學術研討會,423-433。台北師範學院。
寇彧(2002)。青少年價值取向與發展。應用心理研究,14,151-187。
張玉成(1984)。教師發問技巧。台北:心理。
張玉成(1993)。思考技巧與教學。台北:心理。
張玉燕(1997)。批判思考與教學。教學實習輔導季刊,3(1),39-46。
張玉燕(2002)。批判性思考教學探討。初等教育學刊,12,211-246。new window
張妙清、張建新、宋維真(2000)。從心理測驗看華人的性格:(一)量表的運用,華人的心理與治療,曾文星主編。台北:桂冠。
張昇鵬(2004)。資賦優異學生與普通學生後設認知能力與批判思考能力之比較研究。特殊教育學報,20,57-102。new window
張春興(1992)。張氏心理學辭典。台北:東華。
張春興(1995)。現代心理學。台北:東華。
教育大辭書編纂委員會(主編)(2000)。教育大辭書,124。台北:國立編譯館。
教育百科辭典編審委員會(主編)(1994)。教育百科辭典,362。台北:五南。
教育部(2000)。國民中小學九年一貫課程(第一學習階段)暫行綱要。台北:教育部。new window
教育部統計處(2008)。中華民國教育統計—民國96年版。2008年2月26日,取自http://www.edu.tw/EDU_WEB/EDU_MGT/STATISTICS/EDU7220001/ebooks/edu96/index.htm?open
許崇憲(1999)。影響批判思考進行的因素—以幾項實證研究為例。教育研究,75,29-40。new window
郭乃菁(2002)。高雄地區高中生批判思考、情緒智力與問題解決態度之相關研究。國立高雄師範大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
郭生玉(1989)。心理與教育測驗。台北:精華。
郭麗珠(2001)。國小社會科實施批判思考教學之實驗研究。國立台北師範學院課程與教學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
陳向明(2004)。社會科學質的研究。台北:五南。new window
陳怡君(1994)。臺北區公立高中學生學習策略、學業興趣及性向與英、數兩科學業成就之關係。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
陳密桃(1996)。我國台灣地區國中學生批判思考的相關因素及其教學效果之分析研究。教育學刊,12,71-148。new window
陳淑芬(2002)。批判思考教學在高商經濟學教學之研究。國立彰化師範大學商業教育學系在職進修專班碩士論文,未出版,彰化市。
陳萩卿(2000a)。批判思考教學策略運用在國小五年級社會科之實驗研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
陳萩卿(2000b)。如何培養批判思考。教育研究,76。
陳銘偉(2004)。「問題本位學習」教學模式對高職學生之合作學習與批判思考歷程與成效的影響。中原大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,中壢市。
陳聰文(1997)。中等學校學生的身心發展與輔導。中等教育,王家通主編。高雄:麗文。
陳麗華、李涵鈺、林陳涌(2004)。國內批判思考測驗工具及其應用之分析。課程與教學季刊,7(2),1-24。new window
粘揚明(1994)。批判思考的理論與測量-兼評加州批判思考技巧測驗B式。國立政治大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
彭駕騂(1985)。青少年問題探究。台北:巨流。
彭駕騂(1998)。心理學概要,99-106。台北:風雲。
曾文星(1988)。中國人的性格—從人格發展中國人性格,李亦園、楊國樞主編。台北:桂冠。
程素真(1995)。台北市高職學生升學壓力、因應方式與身心健康之研究。輔仁大學兒童與家庭研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
鈕則誠(2004)。教育哲學—華人應用哲學取向。台北:揚智。
馮觀富(2005)。情緒心理學。台北:心理。
黃希庭(主編)(2005)。簡明心理學辭典,358。台北:國家。
黃俊英、林震岩(1997)。SAS精析與實例。台北:華泰。
黃俊斌(2006)。批判性思考能力的可轉化性及其教學原則。教育資料與研究,73,163-178。new window
黃德祥(2000)。青少年發展與輔導。台北:五南。
楊中芳(2001)。如何研究中國人—心理學研究本土論文集。台北:遠流。
楊的祥(2003)。父母管教方式、教師批判思考教學行為與國小學童批判思考能力之相關研究。國立屏東師範學院心理輔導教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,屏東市。
楊朝祥(1984)。技術職業教育辭典,34。台北:三民。
楊曉雯(1995)。高中生閱讀行為研究:以臺北市立建國高級中學學生為例。淡江大學教育資料科學研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。new window
楊錫林、蔡盧浚(2004)。心理與生活。台北:五南。
葉玉珠(1990)。我國中小學生批判思考及其相關因素之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,台北市。
葉玉珠(2003)。批判思考測驗—第一級:指導手冊。台北:心理。
葉玉珠、葉碧玲、謝佳蓁(2000)。智能與批判思考。國立中山大學社會科學季刊,2(1),1-28。
葉郁菁(主編)(2001)。心理學。高雄:復文。
葉重新(1999)。心理測驗。台北:三民。
葉碧玲(2000)。國中生人口變項、智力、批判思考與情緒智力之關係。國立中山大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
葉玉珠、葉碧玲、謝佳蓁(2000)。「中小學批判思考技巧測驗」之發展。測驗年刊,27(1),27-46。new window
葛樹人(1991)。心理測驗學(上、下冊)。台北:桂冠。
詹志禹(1995)。出席第14屆批判性思考暨教育改革國際會議報告。教育研究雙月刊,42,52-55。
劉安彥、陳英豪(1994)。青年心理學。台北:三民。
劉美慧、潘志忠(2003)。議題中心教學法對國小學生批判思考能力影響之實驗研究。花蓮師院學報(教育類),16,53-88。new window
劉清芬(2000)。國小學生批判思考、情緒智力與學業成就關係之研究。國立高雄師範大學教育學系碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
歐滄和(2002)。教育測驗與評量。台北:心理。
鄭光甫、韋端(1998)。抽樣方法。台北:三民。
鄭英耀(1992)。國小教師創造思考、批判思考及其相關因素之研究。國立政治大學教育研究所博士論文,未出版,台北市。new window
鄭英耀、王文中、吳靜吉、黃正鵠(1996)。批判思考量表之編製初步報告。測驗年刊,43,213-226。new window
鄭毓霖(2003)。國小高年級學童閱讀理解能力與批判思考表現之關係。國立嘉義大學國民教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,嘉義市。
蕭文龍(2007)。多變量分析最佳入門實用書。台北:碁峯。
謝佳蓁(1999)。國小高年級學生多元智能、思考風格、與批判思考能力之關係。國立中山大學教育研究所碩士論文,未出版,高雄市。
魏美惠(1999)。批判思考能力之探討。資優教育季刊,72,10-15。
饒見維(2005)。創造思考訓練—創造思考的心理策略與技巧。台北:五南。
温世頌(主編)(2006)。心理學辭典,572。台北:三民。
温明麗(1996)。透過【哲學概論】之教學培養批判性思考能力之研究:第一階段—批判性思考能力量表編訂。台北:行政院國家科學委員會專題計畫。
温明麗(1997)。批判思考教學。教育研究雙月刊,55,49-54。
温明麗(1998)。批判性思考教學—哲學之旅。台北:師大書苑。
温明麗(2002)。皮亞傑與批判性思考教學。台北:洪葉。

英文部分
Adams, B. (1999). Nursing education for critical thinking: An integrative review. Journal of Nursing Education, 38, 111-119.
Aiken, L. R. (1985). Psychological testing and assessment (5th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Allen, R. R., & Rott, R. K. (1969). The nature of critical thinking. Madison, WI: Wisconsin Research and Development Center for Cognitive Learning.
American Psychological Association. (1990). Critical thinking: A statement of expert consensus for purposes of educational assessment and instruction. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED315-423)
American Psychological Association. (1993). Learner-centered psychological principles: Guidelines for school reform and restructuring. Washington, DC: Author and the Mid-continent Regional Educational Laboratory.
Anastasi, A. (1988). Psychological testing (6th ed.). New York: Macmillan.
Anastasi, A., & Urbina, S. (1997). Psychological testing (7th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Applebee, A. N., Langer, J. A., Mullis, I. V. S., Latham, A. S., & Gentile, C. A. (1994). NAEP 1992 writing report card (NCES 94-467). Washington, DC: U.S. Department of Education Government Printing Office.
Atkinson, R. L., Atkinson, R. C., Smith, E. E., Bem, D. J., & Nole-Hoeksema, S. (2000). Hilgard's introduction to psychology (13th ed.). Fort Worth, London: Harcourt Brace College Publishers.
Bagozzi, R. P., & Yi, Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Academy of Marketing Science, 16, 76-94.
Baker, L., & Brown, A. L. (1984). Metacognitive skill and reading. In P. D. Pearson (Ed.), Handbook of Reading Research, I (pp. 353-421). New York: Longman.
Bayer, B. K. (1988). Developing a thinking skills program. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Berg, B. L. (2004). Qualitative research methods for the social sciences (5th ed.). Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Berryman, J. C., Hargreaves, D., Herbert, M., & Taylor, A. (1994). Developmental psychology and you. British Psychology Society.
Bissell, A. N., & Lemons, P. P. (2006). New method for assessing critical thinking in the classroom. BioScience, 56(1), 66-72.
Briner, M. (2006). What is constructivism? University of Colorado at Denver School of Education, Retrieved July 7, 2006, from Web site: http://curriculum.calstatela.edu/faculty/psparks/theorists/501const.htm
Browne, M. N., & Keeley, S. M. (2007). Asking the right questions: A guide to critical thinking (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson-Prentice-Hall.
Cabrera, G. A. (1983). Evaluating the teaching of critical thinking in content areas. Unpublished Doctorial Dissertation, Syracuse University, NY.
Carroll, J. B., & Horn, J. L. (1981). On the scientific basis of ability testing. American Psychologist, 36, 1012-1020.
Center for Teaching, Learning, & Technology. (2006). Guide to rating critical & integrative thinking. Retrieved May 7, 2007, from Web site: http://wsuctprojectdev.wsu.edu/ctr_docs/CIT%20Rubric%202006.pdf
Chaffee, J. (1990). Thinking critically (3rd ed.). Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Christen, R., Angermeyer, J., Davison, M. L., & Anderson, K. (1994). Performance assessments of critical thinking: The reflective judgment approach, Spring Newsletter 2(1) , Retrieved February 15, 2007, from Web site: http://education.umn.edu/CAREI/Reports/Rpractice/ Spring94/default.html
Collins, J. W. Ⅲ, & O’Brien, N. P. (Eds.). (2003). The greenwood dictionary of education. Westport, CT: Greenwood.
Compbell, L., Campbell, B., & Dickinson, D. (1996). Teaching & learning through multiple intelligence. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Comrey, A. L. (1973). A first course in factor analysis. New York: Academic Press.
Corsuch, R. L. (1983). Factor analysis (2nd ed.). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum Associates.
Cottrell, S. (2005). Critical thinking skills: Developing effective analysis and argument. London: Palgrave Macmillan.
Cromwell, L. S. (1992). Assessing critical thinking. New Directions for Community Colleges, 77, 37-30.
Cronbach, L. J., & Meehl, P. E. (1955). Construct validity in psychological tests. Psychological Bulletin, 52, 281-302.
DeVellis, R. F. (1991). Scale development theory and applications. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.
Dewey, J. (1910). How we think. Boston: D. C. Health.
Dewey, J. (1938). Logic: The theory of inquiry. New York: Henry Holt.
Dick, R. D. (1991). An empirical taxonomy of critical thinking. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 18, 79-92.
Dole, J. A., & Sinatra, G. M. (1998). Reconceptualizing change in the cognitive construction of knowledge. Educational Psychologist, 33(2/3), 109-128.
Doolitte, P. E. (2006). Constructivism introduction, Retrieved July 7, 2006, from Web site: http://www.tandle.vt.edu/doolittle/tohe/tohe2.html
Duffy, T. M., Dueber, B., & Hawley, C. L. (1998). Critical thinking in a distributed environment: A pedagogical base for the design of conferencing systems. In C. J. Bonk, & K. S. King (Eds.). Electronic collaborators: Learner-centered technologies for literacy, apprenticeship, and discourse (pp. 51-78). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum.
Eisner, E. W. (1965). Critical thinking: Some cognitive components. Teachers College Record. New York: Columbia University Teachers College.
Ennis, R. H. (1987). A taxonomy of critical thinking disposition and abilities. In J. Baron & R. Sternberg (Eds.). Teaching thinking skills: Theory and practice. New York: Freemen.
Ennis, R. H. (1996). Critical thinking. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Ennis, R. H., Millman, J., & Tomko, T. N. (1985). Cornell critical thinking tests, Level X & Level Z-Manual (3rd ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Midwest.
Ennis, R. H. (2001). Critical thinking assessment. Theory into Practice, 32(3), 179-186.
Eugene, B. Z., & James, E. J. (1992). Critical thinking: A functional approach. Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/ Cole.
Facione, N. C., & Facione, P. A. (1996a). Externalizing the critical thinking in knowledge development and clinical judgment. Nursing Outlook, 44(3), 129-135.
Facione, N. C., & Facione, P. A. (1996b). Assessment design issues for evaluating critical thinking in nursing. Holistic Nursing Practice, 10, 44-51.
Facione, P. A. (2006). Critical Thinking: What it is and why it counts. Retrieved June 23, 2006, from Web site: http://www.insightassessment.com/pdf_files/what&why2006.pdf
Facione, P. A., & Facione, N. C. (1992). CCTDI: A disposition inventor. San Diego, CA: The California Academic Press.
Facione, P. A., & Facione, N. C. (2001). The California critical thinking disposition inventor-inventory manual. San Diego, CA: The California Academic Press.
Facione, P. A., Facione, N. C., & Giancarlo, C. A. (2000). The disposition toward critical thinking: Its character, measurement, and relationship to critical thinking skill. Informal Logic, 20(1), 61-84.
Facione, P. A., Sanchez, C. A., Facione, N. C., & Gainen, J. (1995). The disposition toward critical thinking. The Journal of General Education, 44(1), 1-25.
Fisher, A. (2001). Critical thinking: An introduction. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press.
Fisher, A., & Scriven, M. (1997). Critical thinking: Its definition and assessment. Point Reyes, CA: Edgepress.
Foundation for Critical Thinking. (2006 a). International center for the assessment of high order thinking. Retrieved May 08, 2006, from Critical Thinking Consortium Web site: http://www.criticalthinking.org/about/internationalCenter.shtml#ICAT
Foundation for Critical Thinking. (2006 b). Strategy list: 35 dimensions of critical thought (formally named). Retrieved May 08, 2006, from Critical Thinking Consortium Web site: http://www.criticalthinking.org/resources/TRK12-strategy-list.shtml
Foundation for Critical Thinking. (2007). Intellectual standards and criteria used in the ICAT critical thinking essay test. Retrieved October 08, 2007, from Critical Thinking Consortium Web site: http://www.criticalthinking.org/about/nationalCouncil2.cfm
Freiheit, S. R., Overholser, J. C., & Lehnert, K. L. (1998). The association between humor and depression in adolescent psychiatric inpatient in high school students. Journal of Adolescent Research, 13, 32-48.
Fulton, R. D. (1989). Critical thinking in adulthood. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED320015)
Gay, L. R. (1992). Educational research competencies for analysis and application. New York: Macmillan.
Gearhart, M., Herman, J. L., Baker, E. L., & Whittaker, A. K. (1992). Writing portfolios at the elementary level: A study of methods for writing assessment. (CSE Technical Report 337). CA: University of California, Center for Research on Evaluation, Standards, and Student Testing. Retrieved May 1, 2006, from Web site: http://www.cse.ucla.edu
Geiger, G. R. (1958). John Dewey in perspective. Oxford: Oxford University.
Giordan, A. (2006). Learning: Beyond constructivism, Retrieved May 7, 2006, from Web site: http://tecfa.unige.ch/techa/research/humanities/leraning construct.html
Glaser, E. (1941). An experiment in the development of critical thinking. New York: Columbia University.
Gupta, G. (2005). Improving students' critical-thinking, logic, and problem-solving skills. Journal of College Science Teaching, 34(4), 48.
Habermas, J., & McCarthy, T. (1984). The theory of communicative action: reason and the rationalization of society. Boston: Beacon.
Habermas, J., Lenhardt, C., & Nicholsen, S. W. (trans.) (1993). Moral consciousness and communicative action. Boston: The Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
Hair, J. F., Anderson, R. E., Tatham, R., & Black, W. C. (1998). Multivariate data analysis with readings (5th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Hannel, G. I., & Hannel, L. (1998). Seven steps to teach critical thinking. Education Digest, 64(1), 47-51.
Hare, R. M. (1987). Moral dilemmas. Gowans, C. W. (Ed.). New York: Oxford University Press.
Harvard University. (2007). Harvard faculty approve new general education curriculum for undergraduate students. Retrieved May 17, 2006, from Web site: http://www.fas.harvard.edu/home/news_and_events/releases /gened_05152007.html
Henry, G. (1997). Psychology (3rd ed.). New York: W. W. Norton.
Hopkins, K. D. (1972). The responsible use of tests. Measure and Evaluation in Guidance, 5, 385-388.
Huba, M. E., & Freed, J. E. (2000). Learner-centered assessment on college campuses: Shifting the focus from teaching to learning. Boston: Allyn & Bacon.
Hurlock, E. B. (1984). Developmental psychology. New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
Israel, G. D. (2008). Determining sample size, Retrieved February 26, 2008, from Web site: http://edis.ifas.ufl.edu/PD006
Jones, E. A., Hoffman, S., Moore, L. M., Ratcliff, G., Tibbetts, S., & Click, B. A. (1995). National assessment of college student learning: Identify college graduates’ essential skills in writing, speech and listening, and critical thinking (NCES 95-001). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.
Joreskog, K. G., & Sorbom, D. (1986). LISREL IV: Analysis of linear structural relationship by maximum likelihood, instrumental variables and least squares methods (4th ed.). Mooresville, IN: Scientific Software.
Keefe, J. W., & Walberg, H. J. (Eds.) (1992). Teaching for thinking. Reston, VA: National Association of Secondary School Principals.
Kowalski, P., & Taylor, A. K. (2005). Ability and critical thinking as predictors of change in students’ psychological misconceptions. Journal of Instructional Psychology, 31(4), 297-303.
Kurfman, D. (1967). The evaluation of effective thinking. In J. Fair & F. R. Shaftel (Eds.), Effective thinking in the social studies: 37th yearbook. Washington, DC: National Council for the Social Studies, a Department of the National Education Association. 231-253.
Likert, R. (1932). A technique for the measurement of attitudes. Archives of psychology, 140, 52.
Linn, R. L. (1980). Test design and analysis for measurement of educational achievement. New Directions for Testing and Measurement, 5, 81-92.
Linn, R. L., & Gronlund, N. E. (2000). Measurement and assessment in teaching (8th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Lorimer, L. T. (Ed.) (1995). New Webster’s dictionary and thesaurus of English language. New York: Lexicon Publications.
Mayo, J. A. (2002). Cased-based instruction: A technique for increasing conceptual application in introductory psychology. Journal of Constructive Psychology, 15, 65-74.
McKeon, R. (1981). Aristotle, The basic works of Aristotle. edited and with an introduction. Taipei: Mar-Ling.
McPeck, J. E. (1981). Critical thinking and education. New York: St. Martin’s Press.
Merriam-Webster (2003). Merriam-Webster’s collegiate dictionary (11th ed.). Springfield, MA: Merriam-Webster.
Missimer, C. A. (2004). Good arguments: An introduction to critical thinking (4th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice Hall.
Moore, L., & Rudd, R. (2002). Using socratic questioning in the classroom. The Agricultural Education Magazine, 75(3), 24-25.
NCES. (2000). Definitions and assessment methods for critical thinking, problem solving, and writing. The NPEC Sourcebook on Assessment, 1, 172.
Newman, B. M., & Newman, P. R. (1986). Adolescent development. Columbus, OH: Merrill.
Norris, S. P., & Ennis, R. H. (1989). Evaluating critical thinking. Pacific Grove, CA: Midwest.
Novak, B. J. (1960). Clarifying language in science education. Language in Science Education, 44(4), 321-328.
O’Tuel, F. S., & Bullard, R. K. (1993). Developing higher order thinking in the content areas K-12. Pacific Grove, CA: Critical Thinking Press and Software.
Oxford University. (2000). Oxford English dictionary. New York: Oxford University Press.
Pascarella, E. T., Palmer, B., Moye, M., & Pierson, C. T. (2001). Do diversity experiences influence the development of critical thinking? Journal of College Student Development, 42, 257-271.
Paul, E. L., & White, K. M. (1990). The development of intimate relationships in late adolescence. Adolescence, 25, 375-400.
Paul, R. W. (1993). Critical thinking and the critical person. In J. Willsen and A. J. Binker (Eds.), Critical thinking: What every person needs to survive in a rapidly changing world (3rd ed.)(pp. 203-227). Santa Rosa, CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking.
Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2001). Critical thinking: Tools for taking charge of your learning and your life. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
Paul, R., & Elder, L. (2006). Critical thinking: The nature of critical and creative thought. Journal of developmental education, 30, 34-35.
Paul, R., Fisher, A., & Nosich, G. (1993). Workshop on critical thinking strategies. Sonoma, CA: Foundation for Critical Thinking, Sonoma State University.
Piaget, J. (1970). Genetic epistemology (E. Duckworth, Trans.). New York: Columbia University Press.
Rice, F. P. (2001). Human development – A life-span approach (4th ed.). New York: Prentice Hill.
Riddell, T. (2007). Critical assumptions: Thinking critically about critical thinking. Journal of Nursing Education, 46, 121-126.
Robert, M. K., & Dennis P. S. (2004). Psychological testing: Principles, applications, and issues (6th ed.). New York: Wadsworth.
Robertson, S. I. (1999). Types of thinking. New York: Routledge.
Rubenfeld, M. G., & Scheffer, B. K. (2001). Current Issues in Nursing. In J. M. Dochterman and H. K. Grace (Eds.), Critical thinking: What is it and how do we teach it? (pp. 123 -132). St. Louis, MO: Mosby.
Ruggiero, V. R. (1988). Teaching thinking across the curriculum. New York: Happer & Row.
Ruggiero, V. R. (1996). Becoming a critical thinker. Rapid City, SD: College Survival.
Schultz, D., & Schultz, S. E. (1994). Theories of personality (5th ed.). Pacific Grove, CA: Brooks/ Cole.
Siegel, H. (1980). Critical thinking as an educational ideal. The Educational Forum, 45(1), 7-23.
Siegel, H. (1988). Education reason: Rationality, critical thinking, and education. New York: Routledge.
Smith, R. A. (2001). Challenging your preconceptions. Teaching of Psychology, 13, 34-36.
Sorrell, J. M., Brown, H. N., & Silva, M. C. (1997). Use of writing portfolios for interdisciplinary assessment of critical thinking outcomes of nursing students. Nursing Forum, 32(4), 12-24.
Sternberg, R. J. (1981). Intelligence as thinking and learning skills. Educational Leadership, 39, 18-20.
Sternberg, R. J. (1986). Critical thinking: Its nature, measurement, and improvement. (ERIC Document Reproduction Service No. ED 272 882)
Sternberg, R. J. (2000). Pathways to psychology (2nd ed.). Orlando, FL: Harcourt.
Sternberg, R. J., & Spear-Swerling, L. (1996). Teaching for thinking. Washington, DC: American Psychological Association.
Streib, J. (1992). History and analysis of critical thinking. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Memphis State University, Tennessee.
Summer, D. (Ed.) (1992). Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture. Harlow: Longman.
Summer, D. (Ed.) (2003). Longman dictionary of contemporary English. Harlow: Longman.
Tinsley, H. E. A., & Tinsley, D. J. (1987). Uses of factor analysis in counseling psychology research. Journal of counseling Psychology, 34, 414-424.
Vuyk, R. (1981). Overview and critique of Piaget’s genetic epistemology: 1965-1980., London: Academic Press.
Walsh, C. M., & Paul, R. W. (1986). The goal of critical thinking: From education ideal to educational reality. Washington DC: American Federation of Teachers, Educational Issues Department.
Watson, G., & Glaser, E. M. (1980). Watson-Glaser critical thinking appraisal, Forms A and B manual. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich.
Watson, G., & Glaser, E. M. (1994). Watson-Glaser critical thinking appraisal Form S. San Antonio, TX: Psychological Corporation.
Werner, P. H. (1991). The Ennis-Weir critical thinking essay test: An instrument for testing and teaching. Journal of Reading, 34(1), 494-495.
Wikipedia. (2007). Critical thinking, Retrieved March 1, 2007, from Web site: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Critical_thinking#Overview
William, C. S. (2004). Collins English dictionary- complete & unabridged (6th ed.). New York: Harper Collins.
Williams, R. L., & Stockdale, S. L. (2006). High-performing students with low critical thinking skills, Retrieved December 7, 2006, from Web site: http://ksuweb.kennesaw.edu/~sstockda/high%20performing%20low%20ct-c.doc
Wolcott, S. K., Baril, C. P., Cunningham, B. M., Fordham, D. R., & Pierre, K. S. (2002). Critical thought on critical thinking research. Journal of Accounting Education, 20(1), 85-103.
Zhang, L. F. (2003). Constructions of thinking styles to critical thinking dispositions. The Journal of Psychology, 137(6), 517-544.
Zygmont, D., & Schaefer, K. M. (2006). Assessing the critical thinking skill of faculty: What do the findings mean for nursing education? Nursing Education Perspectives, 27, 260-268.
 
 
 
 
第一頁 上一頁 下一頁 最後一頁 top
:::
無相關著作
 
QR Code
QRCODE