本研究的主要目的在探討音樂資優生與普通學生在自我效能與生涯決定上的差異，以及音樂資優生與普通學生自我效能與生涯決定的關係，並進一步探究音樂資優生自我效能、生涯決定的主要影響因素與形成原因。 本研究採用問卷調查及深度晤談兩種方法。自北部地區四所高中一、二年級音樂班及普通班抽取五百五十八名學生為受試，以「自我效能量表」及「生涯決定量表」為研究工具，所得資料以二因子多變項變異數分析、典型相關分析等進行處理；而深度晤談則自該四所高中一、二年級音樂班抽取二十四名學生為訪談對象，依據「音樂資優生訪談題綱」進行半結構式訪談，所得資料以質的分析方式進行處理。本研究的主要發現如下： 1.自我效能方面：音樂資優生的音樂學習自我效能高於普通學生；而在一放學習自我效能方面，二者沒有顯著差異。個人參與的經驗、替代性的經驗、言語的說服、生理狀況皆對音樂資優學生的一般學習自我效能扮演著重要的角色；而個人成長、家庭資源、學校教育、同儕影響皆會影響個人音樂學習自我效能的評估。 2.生涯決定方面：與普通生相較，音樂資優生有較足夠的外在支援、較清楚的工作世界認知與信心、較少的個人衝突存在。 3.自我效能與生涯決定之相關方面：無論音樂資優學生或普通學生，自我效能與生涯決定間皆有典型相關存在。惟自我效能所能解釋的生涯決定總變異量均不大。個人選擇音樂生涯的原因有主動定向、他主定向與未定向；重要他人反生命的轉捩點大部份皆來自於學校教育中；學生的未來生涯展望以演奏家為首要；個人擁有多元的能力與興趣造成生涯抉擇的困境；來自父母的期望與投資觀，是重要的壓力來源：學校中主、副修間的衝突是造成生涯困擾之因；外在環境的障礙會導致生涯決定上的問題；個人生理上的限制，必須選擇適當主副修樂器與演奏樂曲；音樂學習乃需要大量的經濟投資，造成家庭的負擔。

　　　　　The purposes of this study were: (1) to compare musically talented students with regular students in high schools concerning differences in self-efficacy as well as career decision-making, (2) to probe into the influential factors and causes of self-efficacy as well as career decision-making for the musically talented students. Data were collected from the questionnaire survey of 558 senior high school students and indepth interview of 24 musically talented students. The obtained data were analyzed by two-way MANOVA, canonical correlation and qualitative analysis. The main findings of this study were as follows: 1. As for the Self-Efficacy: musically talented students had significantly higher music learning self-efficacy than regular students, but there was no significant difference in terms of general learning self-efficacy; second grade students had significantly higher music learning self-efficacy than first grade students, bur there was no significant difference in terms of general learning self-efficacy; enactive attainment, vicarious experience, verbal persuasion and physiological state played the essential role in tile general learning self- efficacy of musically talented students; whereas the individual growth, tile family resources, the schooling, the peers relationship all influenced music learning self-efficacy of musically talented students. 2. As for the Career Decision Making: To comparison with regular students, musically talented students had higher external support, dearer goal structure, higher cnnfidence, and, therefore, less conflict in career choice 7 the reasons of choosing a career in music can be dev-ideed in three styles: "self-decided" others-decided" and "undecided": family discipline includes powerful, democratic, protective and opposed patterns : significant other came from school mostly; the interviewed students' perspective was to be a performance artists in first place; the talented students faced career dilemmas becausee of their variety of abilities and interests; parents also exercised pressure out of an expectation and investment view; students were confused and disturrbed by the conflict between major and minor in music; since indMdual physiological limitation, appropriate major or minor instrument and music works must be selected; the investment in musical learning often became a big burden on the family. 3. As for the correlation between Self-Efficacy and Career Decision-Making: The canonical correlation between self-efficacy and career decision making were significant for both musically' talented and regular students, but both correlation explanations were not very much. Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made some suggestions concerning education and further research.