以67對3～6歲的兒童及其母親為研究對象,通過假設情景法探索母親對不同情景下兒童問題行為的歸因方式,并考察這種特定情景下的歸因對兒童后續問題行為的影響,以及兒童消極情緒的調節作用。研究發現:(1)母親對兒童不同問題行為的穩定性歸因和不可控歸因存在情景上的差異;(2)母親的不可控歸因和穩定性歸因可以影響兒童內隱問題行為的發展且受到兒童消極情緒的影響,但母親的歸因方式不可以預測兒童的外顯問題行為。

This study examined mothers’ context-specific attributions towards children’s problem behaviors and how these attributions contributed to children’s subsequent behavioral problems, together with children’s temperament. The sample included 67 mothers of children aged from 3 to 6 years old. Mothers’ attributions were examined based on a story-vignette task; children’s temperament and behavioral problems were reported by mothers. Results demonstrated that: 1) Mothers’ stable and uncontrollable attributions towards children’s behavioral problems were context-specific. 2) Children’s negative emotionality moderated the impact of mothers’ stable and uncontrollable attributions on children’s subsequent internalizing behaviors. However, maternal attributions did not predict children’s externalized problem behavior.