Abbate, J. (2000). Inventing the Internet. Cambridge, Mass. USA: The MIT Press.
Abercrombie, N., &; Longhurst, B. (1998). Audiences: A sociological theory of performance and imagination. London: Sage.
Arvidsson, A. (2005). Brands: A critical perspective. Journal of Consumer Culture, 5, 2, p. 235-258.
Bakardjieva, M. (2005). Internet society: The internet in everyday life. London: Sage.
Barnes, B. (2001). Practice as collective action. In T. R. Schatzki, K. K. Cetina &; E. V. Savigny (Eds.), The practice turn in contemporary theory. New York: Routledge, p. 17-28.
Baron, S., Patterson, A., &; Harris, K. (2006). Beyond technology acceptance: Understanding consumer practice. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 17, 2, p. 111-135.
Bolter, J. D., &; Grusin, R. (1999). Remediation: Understanding new media. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Bourdieu, P. (1984). Distinction: A social critique of the judgment of taste, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press.
Bruns, A. (2008). Blogs, Wikipedia, Second life, and beyond: From production to produsage. New York: Peter Lang.
Callon, M. (1999). Actor-network theory. In Law, J. &; Hassard, J. (Eds.), Actor network theory and after. Oxford: Blackwell.
Clark, A. (2008). Supersizing the mind: Embodiment, action, and cognitive extension. London: Oxford University Press.
Culnan, M. J., &; Markus, M. L. (1987). Information technologies. In F. M. Jablin, et al, (Eds.), Handbook of organizational communication: An interdisciplinary perespective. p. 420-443. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Daft, R. L., &; Lengel, R.H. (1984). Information richness: A new approach to managerial behavior and organizational design. In: Cummings, L. L. &; Staw, B.M. (Eds.), Research in organizational behavior 6, p. 191-233. Homewood, IL: JAI Press.
Davis, F. D. (1986). A technology acceptance model for empirically testing new end-user information systems: Theory and results. Doctoral dissertation, Sloan School of Management, MIT.
Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, and user acceptance of information technology. MIS Quarterly, 13, 3, p. 319-339.
Dervin, B. &; Clark, K. D. (1999). Exemplars of the use of the sense-making methodology (meta-theory and method): In-depth introduction to the sense-making issues of the electronic journal of communication. The Electronic Journal of Communication [On-line serial] 9 ,2, 3, &; 4, Retrieved February 15, 2011, form http://www.cios.org/www/ejc/v9n23499.htm
Dervin, B. &; Reinhard, C. D. (2006). Researchers and practitioners talk about users and each other: Making user and audience studies matter-paper 1. Information Research-an International Electronic Journal, 12, 1. paper 286. Retrieved February 15, 2009, from http://InformationR.net/ir/12-1/paper286.html
Dervin, B. (1983). An overview of sense-making research: Concepts, methods, and results to date. Paper presented at the annual convention of the International Communication Association. Dallas, TX.
Dervin, B. (1999). On studying information seeking methodologically: The implications of conneting metatheory to method. Information Processing and Management, 35, p. 727-750.
Dervin, B. (2003a). Communication gaps and inequities: In Dervin, D., Foreman-Wernet, L. &; Lauterbach, E. (Eds.), Sense-making methodology reader: Selected writings of Brenda Dervin. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press.
Dervin, B. (2003b). Users as research inventions: How research categories perpetuate inequities. In Dervin, D., Foreman-Wernet, L. &; Lauterbach, E. (Eds.), Sense-making methodology reader: Selected writings of Brenda Dervin. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press.
Dervin, B. (2003c). Sense-making’s journey from metatheory to methodology to method: An example using information seeking and use as research focus. In Dervin, D., Foreman-Wernet, L. &; Lauterbach, E. (Eds.), Sense-making methodology reader: Selected writings of Brenda Dervin. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press.
Dervin, B. (2003d). Mass communicating: Changing conceptions of the audience. In Dervin, D., Foreman-Wernet, L. &; Lauterbach, E. (Eds.), Sense-making methodology reader: Selected writings of Brenda Dervin. Cresskill, N.J: Hampton Press.
Dervin, B., &; Greenberg, B. (1972). The communication environment of the urban poor. In F. G. Kline &; P. J. Tichenor (Eds.), Current perspectives in mass communication research, p. 195-233. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.
Dervin, B., Foreman-Wernet, L., &; Lauterbach, E. (2003). Sense-making Methodology Reader : Selected writings of Brenda Dervin. Cresskill, New Jersey: Hampton Press, Inc.
Dervin, B., Reinhard, C.D., &; Shen, F. C. (2006). Beyond communication: Research as communicating. Making user and audience studies matter-paper 2. Information Research-an International Electronic Journal, 12, 1. Retrieved February 15, 2009, from http://informationr.net/ir/12-1/paper287.html
Dworkin, M., Foreman-Wernet, L. &; Dervin, B. (1999). Sense-making and television news: An inquiry into audience interpretations. The Electronic Journal of Communication [On-line serial] 9 ,2, 3, &; 4. Retrieved February 15, 2011, form http://www.cios.org/EJCPUBLIC/009/2/009217.html
Featherstone, M. (1998). The flaneur, the city and virtual public life. Urban Studies, 35, 5, p.910-918.
Gammack, J. G., &; Robert A, S. (1994). Repertory grid technique in constructive interaction. In C. Cassell &; G. Symon (Eds.), Qualitative methods in organizational research: A practical guide, p.72-90. London: Sage.
Gane, N., &; Beer, D. (2008). New media. Oxford: Berg.
Geertz, C. (1973). The interpretation of culture. New York: Basic books.
Gibson, J.J. (1977). The theory of affordances. In R. Shaw &; J. Bransford (Eds.), Perceiving, Acting and Knowing. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Gibson, J.J. (1979). The ecological approach to visual perception. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
Giddens, A. (1984). The constitution of society: Outline of the theory of structuration. Cambridge, UK: Polity press.
Glaser, B. G., &; Strauss, A. L. (1967). The discovery of grounded theory: Strategies for qualitative research. Chicago: Aldine Pub. Co.
Hall, S. (1973). Encoding and decoding in the television discourse. Birmingham England: Centre for cultural studies, University of Birmingham.
Hall, S. (1980). Encoding/decoding. Culture, media, language: Working papers in cultural studies, p.128-138. London: Hutchinson.
Haraway, D. J. (1991). Simians, cyborgs, and women: The reinvention of nature. New York: Routledge.
Harrison, T. M., &; Barthel, B. (2009). Wielding new media in Web 2.0: Exploring the history of engagement with the collaborative construction of media products. New Media &; Society, 11, 1-2, p. 155-178.
Hartmann, M. (2004). Technologies and utopias: The cyberflaneur and the experience of "being online". München: R. Fischer.
Hennion, A. (2007). Those things that hold us together: Taste and sociology. Cultural Sociology, 1, p. 97-114.
Holmes, D. (2005). Communication theory: Media, technology and society. London: Sage.
Horrocks, C. (2001). Mashall McLuham &; Virtuality. Cambridge: Icon Books.
Horton, D., &; Wohl, R. R. (1956). Mass communication and para-social interaction: Observations on intimacy at a distance. Psychiatry, 19, 3, p. 215-229.
Huhtamo, E. (1999). From cybernation to interaction: A contribution to an archaeology of interactivity, in P. Lunenfeld (ed.), The Digital Dialectic: New Essays on New Media. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, p.96-110.
Jenkins, H. (2006). Convergence culture: Where old and new media collide. New York: New York University Press.
Kelly, G. (1955). The psychology of personal constructs. New York: Norton.
Latour, B. (2005). Reassembling the social: An introduction to actor-network-theory. Oxford ; New York: Oxford University Press.
Law, J. &; Hassard, J. (1999). Actor network theory and after. Oxford: Blackwell.
Leadbeater, C., &; Powell, D. (2009). We-think. London: Profile.
Lessig, L. (2004). Free culture: How big media uses technology and the law to lock down culture and control creativity. New York: Penguin Press.
Levinson, P. (1999). Digital McLuhan: A guide to the information millennium. New York: Routledge.
Littlejohn, S.W. (1999). Theories of human communication (6th Ed.). Belmont, CA: Wadsworth.
Livingstone, S. (2004). The challenge of changing audiences or what is the audience researcher to do in the age of the internet? European Journal of Communication, 19, 1, p. 75-86.
Manovich, L. (2002). The language of new media. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Marvin, C. (1988). When old technologies were new: Thinking about communications in the late nineteenth century. New York: Oxford University Press.
McCarthy, J. &; Wright, P. (2004). Technology as experience. Cambridge, Massachusetts, London, England: The MIT Press.
McLuhan, M. (1964). Understanding media: The extensions of man. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Meyrowitz, J. (1999). Understanding of media. ETC: A Review of General Semantics, 56, 1, p. 44-53.
Morris, M. R. &; Amershi, S. (2009). Shared sensemaking: Enhancing the value of collaborative web search tools. Retrieved February, 2009, from http://dmrussell.googlepages.com/Morris-sensemaking-workshop -final.pdf
Myers, D. (1987). “Anonymity is part of the magic”: Individual manipulation of computer-mediated communication contexts. Qualitative Sociology, 10, 3, p. 251-266.
Naumer, C. M., Fisher, K. E. &; Dervin, B. (2009). Sense-making: A mathodological perspective. Retrieved February 15, 2009, form http://sites.google.com/site/dmrussell2/sensemakingworkshoppapers
O'Reilly T. (2005). What is Web 2.0: Design patterns and business models for the next generation of software. Retrieved July 1, 2010, from O’Reilly Web site: http://www.oreillynet.com/pub/a/oreilly/tim/news/2005/ 09/30 /what-is-web-20.html
Oudshoorn, N., &; Pinch, T. J. (2003). How users matter: The co-construction of users and technologies. Inside technology. Cambridge, Mass: MIT Press.
Pickering, A. (2001). Practice and posthumanism: Social theory and a history of agency. In T. R. Schatzki, K. K. Cetina &; E. V. Savigny (Ed.), The practice turn in contemporary theory. New York: Routledge, p. 163-174.
Pursell, C. W. (2007). Technology in postwar America: A history. New York: Columbia University Press.
Putnam, R. D. (2002). Bowling alone: The collapse and revival of American community. New York: Simon &; Schuster.
Rheingold, H. (1993). The virtual community: Homesteading on the electronic frontier. Reading, Mass: Addison-Wesley Pub. Co.
Schatzki, T. R., Cetina, K. K., &; Savigny, E. V. (2001). The practice turn in contemporary theory. New York: Routledge.
Schau, H. J., Albert M. M. &; Eric J. A. (2009). How brand community practices create value. Journal of Marketing, 73, p. 30–51.
Shannon, C. E. (1948). A mathematical theory of communication. Bell System Technical Journal, 27, p. 379-423 and p. 623-656, July and October, 1948. Retrieved June 20, 2010, from http://plan9.bell-labs.com/ cm/ms/what/shannonday/shannon1948.pdf
Short, J.A., Williams, E., &; Christie, B. (1976). The social psychology of telecommunications. New York: John Wiley &; Sons.
Silverstone, R. (1999). What's New about New Media? Introduction. New Media &; Society, 1, p. 10-12.
Skageby, J. (2008). Semi-public end-user content contributions - A case-study of concerns and intentions in online photo-sharing. International Journal of Human-Computer Studies, 66, 4, p. 287-300.
Surowiecki, J. (2005). The wisdom of crowds. New York: Anchor Books.
Tapscott, D. &; Williams, A. D.(2006). Wikinomics: How mass collaboration changes everything. New York: Portfolio.
Thorburn, D., &; Jenkins, H. (2004). Rethinking media change: The aesthetics of transition. Media in transition series. Cambridge, Mass: MIT.
Toffler, A. (1980). The third wave. New York: Morrow.
Turkle, S. (1995). Life on the screen: Identity in the age of the Internet. New York: Simon &; Schuster.
Van Dijck, J. (2009). Users like you? Theorizing agency in user-generated content. Media Culture &; Society, 31, 1, p. 41-58.
Van Dijck, J., &; Nieborg, D. (2009). Wikinomics and its discontents: a critical analysis of Web 2.0 business manifestos. New Media &; Society, 11, 5, p. 855-874.
Vickery, G., Wunsch-Vincent, S., &; Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. (2007). Participative Web and user-created content : Web 2.0, wikis and social networking. [Paris]: Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development.
Wellman, B. (1998). Networks in the global village: Life in contemporary communities. Boulder, Colo: Westview Press.
方念萱（2005年12月）。〈與誰相共？Creative Commons在台灣發起、連結與型塑的行動者網絡分析〉，「數位典藏研討會」，台北：劍潭。
王涌譯（2012）。《波德萊爾：發達資本主義時代的抒情詩人》，南京：譯林。（原書Benjamin, W. (1974). The Paris of the second empire in Baudelaire.）。
吳筱玫、周芷伊（2009）。〈Tagging的分類與知識意涵：以flickr首頁圖片為例〉，《新聞學研究》，99，頁265-305。
李延輝譯（2008）。《文化研究取徑：新舊方法論的探索》，台北：韋伯。（原書Saukko, P. [2003]. Doing research in cultural studies. London: Sage.）。
汪益譯（1999）。《預知傳播紀事》，台灣：商務。（原書McLuhan, M., McLuhan, E., &; Zingrone, F. [1995]. Essential McLuhan. New York, NY: BasicBooks.）。
周德禎（2001）。《教育人類學導論：文化觀點》。台北：五南。
林文剛（2009）。〈媒體生態學在北美之學術起源簡史〉，《中國傳媒報告》，2，頁4-16。
林文源（2007）。〈論行動者網絡理論的行動本體論〉，《科技、醫療與社會》，4，頁65-108。施伯燁、翁秀琪、王思涵（2010年7月）。〈實踐典範之使用者與使用經驗研究：以數位典藏成果入口網的使用者為例〉，「中華傳播2010年年會」，台灣嘉義。
胡紹嘉（2006）。〈逆想人文社會科學寫作：來自小說敘事研究的啟迪〉，《中華傳播學刊》，9，頁275-303。
唐士哲（2006）。〈民族誌學應用於網路研究的契機、問題，與挑戰〉，《資訊社會研究》，6，頁59-90。唐錦超譯（2006）。《創新的擴散》，台北：遠流。（原書Rogers, E. R. [1995, 2003]. Diffusion of Innovations, 5th ed.）。
夏鑄九、王志弘等譯（2000）。《網絡社會之崛起》，台北：唐山。（原書Castells, M. [1996, 2000]. The rise of the network society.）。
翁秀琪、李嘉維、施伯燁（2011）。〈合作式意義建構：從一個個案分析發現理論〉，《新聞學研究》，106，頁1-48。翁秀琪、施伯燁、孫式文、方念萱、李嘉維（2009）。〈從使用者出發的網路資源準社會互動研究：理論建構與使用者經驗研究〉，《新聞學研究》，101，頁1-44。許夢芸譯（2008）。《文化研究：民族誌方法與生活文化》，台北：韋伯。（原書Gray, A. [2003]. Research practice for cultural studies: Ethnographic methods and lived culture. London: Sage.）。
郭宏安譯（2012）。《現代生活的畫家》，上海：上海譯文。（原書Baudelaire, C. [1863]. Le peintre de la vie modern.）。
程樹德、傳大為、王道還、錢永祥譯（1994）。《科學革命的結構》，台北：遠流。（原書Kuhn, T. S. [1962, 1972]. The structure of scientific revolutions. Chicago, Illinois, U. S. A.）。
楊久穎譯（2001）。《麥克魯漢與虛擬世界》，台北：城邦。（原書Horrocks, C. [2000]. Marshall McLuhan and Virtuality.）。
廖世德譯（2001）。《個人建構理論創始人：凱利》，台北：生命潛能。（原書Fransella, F. [1995]. Kelly, George Alexander.）。
劉駿州（1992）。「辨」而不「辯」：質量方法的初探，《新聞學研究》，101，頁95-109。蔡承志譯（2008）。《無解方程式：數學天才與對稱性之謎的鬥智之旅》，台北：城邦。（原書Livio, M. [2005]. The equation that conldn’t be solved: How mathematical genius discovered the language of symmetry.）
鄭宇君（2009）。《新聞專業中的真實性：一種倫理主體的探究模式》。政治大學新聞學系博士論文。鍾蔚文（1999）。《從媒介真實到主觀真實》，台北：中正。鍾蔚文、陳百齡、陳順孝（2006）。〈從資訊處理典範到體會之知：專家研究典範的變遷〉，《思與言》，44，1，頁101-130。網路資料
Alexa（2013）。〈Top sites in Taiwan〉。2013年6月25日，取自：http://www.alexa.com/topsites/countries/TW
Facebook（2012）。〈粉絲專頁：新手入門檢查表〉。2012年11月20日，取自：https://www.facebook.com/help/194555227342272/
Facebook（2013）。〈什麼是動態贊助？〉。2013年6月16日，取自：https://www.facebook.com/help/212465532121032/?q=%E5%8B%95%E6%85%8B%E8%B4%8A%E5%8A%A9&;sid=0TgydSxFfJDLBeqUa
Facebook（2013）。〈我可選擇哪些廣告目標設定？〉。2013年6月16日，取自：https://www.facebook.com/help/207847739273775/
Grossman, L. (2006). You-yes, you-are TIME's person of the year. December 25, 168, 26, Time Magazine. Retrieved October 31, 2010, from http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,1570810,00.html
經濟部國際貿易局（2012）。〈台灣百大品牌〉。2012年1月30日，取自：http://100.brandingtaiwan.org/files/winner.pdf
維基百科（2013）。〈Facebook〉。2013年6月17日，取自： http://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Facebook&;oldid=26912340
維基百科（2013）。〈魔術方塊〉。2013年7月9日，取自：https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%AD%94%E6%96%B9