由於國共內戰所留下的政治對立與競爭，台灣在退出聯合國組織後參與政府間國際組織的模式產生劇烈的變化。依照參與的實質要件，有持續保有會籍、退出後重新參與原有組織、加入新興組織這所衍生的模式。依照參與的身分可區分為正式會員(Full Member)、觀察(Observer)、準會員(Associate Member)、通訊會員(Corresponding Member)。然而，也因著國際社會現實，台灣必須採取多元的對外名稱，諸如：「中華民國」、「台灣」、「台灣漁業實體(簡稱台灣)」、「台灣，中華民國」、「台灣、澎湖、金門、馬祖」、「台北中國」、「台北，中國」、「中華台北」、「中國中央銀行，台灣」、「國際電訊通訊發展公司」等等。當前參與國際組織的操作，因此呈現奧運模式、國際科聯模式、地區經濟模式、漁業實體模式、逐年邀請模式等等不同的樣貌。這些事實說明我國參與國際組織現況的努力與外交困境的突破。本研究首先介紹國際組織與國際關係、主權理論之理論架構(特別互賴理論與互賴主權；二則將介紹我國参與政府間國際組織之現況(迄2017)；三則分析我國參與模式 (例如：名稱、身份、待遇)；四則論述影響模式的主要內在因素:两岸關係；五則論述影響模式的主要外在因素:美國對華「一個中國」政策；六則提出我國參與模式案例與香港模式之比較。最後，提出結論與建議：我國於邦交國承認的外交困境，可藉由迂迴參與政府間國際組織得到紓解。我國不應過度囿限於中國的反應，為求實質的國家利益，應採取開放與彈性的態度，尋求國際間的共識與支援，並且加強國際參與的能量，以不同的模式積極參與政府間國際組織。

Owing to Civil War(1945-1949), The political competitions and oppositions between ROC (Taiwan) and PROC (China) are still being fierce right now. Taiwan has been forced to change her participation models in inter-government organizations (IGOs) since Taiwan lost the membership of United Nations (UN) at 1971.Therefore, Taiwan faces the international reality to take variant models in IGOs such as following: in substance, reserving original membership, re-gaining lost membership, and joining new IGOs; in status, full member, observer, associate member, and corresponding member; in names, “ROC”, “Taiwan”, “Fishing Entity of Taiwan”, “Taiwan. ROC”,. “the Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu, TPKM”, “Taipei China”, “Taipei, China”, “Chinese Taipei”, “China Central Bank, Taiwan”, and “International Telecommunication Development Company”, etc. ; in treatment, “ Olympia Model- disappearing name of sovereignty”, “International Council for Science Model- one country two seats”, “Fishing Entity Model- special permission”, World Health Assembly Model-invitation year by year”. Above models reveal Taiwan’s struggles for break-through diplomacy dilemma and isolation.
So this assay has been arranged for mainly stating Taiwan’s IGOs participation models(1971-2017): first, the introductions of the frameworks of international organizations, International relations(Interdependence theory), sovereignty theories(Interdependence sovereignty); secondly, the introduction of Taiwan’s participation in IGOs ( 1971 – 2017); third, the analysis of the models of Taiwan’s IGOs participation (ex. names, status, treatment);fourthly the inside influences of the Cross-Straits relation; fifthly the outside influences of US’s “One China Policy” ;sixthly, the pair to pair comparisons including Taiwan’s IGOs (WTO, APEC, WHA, ICAO), then the reference of “Hong-Kong model” in IGOs; Last, the conclusion: the Taiwan’s participation of IGOs could relieve her diplomacy stress and dilemma. Although Taiwan has to encounter China’s hinders, she should treat that carefully and would not bend to China. For substantial IGOs participation, Taiwan seeks for international consensus and support and enforces aggressively the participating abilities in IGOs by variant models.