Largely due to the influence of other developed countries, extending the Public Education Program has become a trend in Taiwan. Based on the premise that “Education can promote the quality of human resources and assist in the development of our country and the society,” extending the number of years of free Public Education in Taiwan has long been an educational planning objective. Thus, even under different ministers of education, none of the proposals for extending free Public Education through the senior high school years has ever been acted on since the Nine-Year Public Education Program was launched of in 1968. The government initially decided that the Twelve-Year Public Education Program will eventually mean “no test, no fees, and no compulsion,” and will be gradually carried out as a matter of principle. The author will participate in the process of planning the implementation model for Twelve-Year Public Education. In this paper the author therefore analyzes the basic theory the key arguments and the policy structure. To be included are the definition of Twelve-Year Public Education Program, its perceived goals, its policy structure, admission methods, method for dividing school districts, and projected tuition. Suggestions are provided for the promotion of the new program in Taiwan.