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題名：機會開放或結構限制？--臺灣青年從學校到職場轉銜過程中的Yo-Yo現象
書刊名：臺灣社會研究季刊
作者：李易駿 引用關係／古允文 引用關係
作者(外文)：Lee, Yih-jiunn／Ku, Yeun-wen
出版日期：2007
卷期：67
頁次：頁105-152
主題關鍵詞：青年轉銜；從學校到職場；青年失業；年輕成人；非典型就業；Youth transition；From school to work；Youth unemployment；Young adult；Atypical employment
原始連結：連回原系統網址new window
相關次數：
  • 被引用次數被引用次數:期刊(17) 博士論文(2) 專書(0) 專書論文(1)
  • 排除自我引用排除自我引用:16
  • 共同引用共同引用:39
  • 點閱點閱:224
西方先進國家自80年代初開始出現青年失業議題，到了90 年代，隨著勞動去管制化及非典型化發展，就業與失業間的界線日益模糊，青年就業型式也趨多樣化；又因就業與就學間的界線亦同時變為模糊，在二者共同作用下，青年轉銜（youth transition）歷程乃因具有可回復性，而變為更多樣性與複雜，學者們以Yo-Yo稱之。本研究的研究主題為青年們轉變為年輕成人（young adult）的從學校到職場的歷程，檢視其中青年轉銜的Yo-Yo現象，並分析轉銜中的機會開放與結構限制效應。研究主要發現：台灣亦如西方的研究發現般，存在著青年轉銜中的Yo-Yo現象；以及確有部分青年持續停留在非典型、不穩定的工作中變動的情形；青年的Yo-Yo轉銜現象同時是機會開放與結構限制的結果，唯機會開放或結構限制與青年的家庭支持能力間具有若干的關連。研究發現台灣的青年就業現象，除有如同西方般的Yo-Yo轉銜外，亦有屬於台灣的獨特性，即台灣青年另有補習、準備考試的停滯類型Yo-Yo。又資源較充足之家庭對青年參加補習、準備考試亦提供實質的支持。最後，本研究歸納出值得進一步檢證的三個命題：「Yo-Yo是朝向教育開放、朝向就業限制的結果」；「Yo-Yo是對家庭資源充足者開放、對家庭資源不足者限制的結果」，進而「Yo-Yo是表面上開放、而具有部分實質限制的結果」。最後研究者建議可朝向思考對家庭支持較不足的青年提供協助，以減少結構限制所造成的被迫性Yo-Yo轉銜。
Young adult unemployment problem has emerged as a public issue in European countries in the 1980s and then enlarged as a life course issues for academic and policy studies in the 1990s. The Yo-Yo trajectory is widely discovered in youth transition but its nature is diversified especially because of the indistinguishable boundary among employment, atypical employment, unemployment and schooling. In this study, we interview 14 young adults to collect their transition trajectories, which are analyzed and generalized from cases comparison and grounded perspective. The research findings are: firstly, just like most studies in the developed countries, there are various Yo-Yo trajectories withim Taiwanese young adults’ transition. Secondly, the initial young adult’ employment is easily trapped in between atypical/un-employment. Thirdly, after examining three assumptions about the dynamic interaction between employment, education and family supporting, we see the importance of family supporting in their transition from school to work that signifies once again the effect of social structure. In conclusion, this study suggests a policy to reduce structural constraints for young adults with less informal supports.
期刊論文
1.趙維生、黃昌榮(20001200)。香港青年失業問題：困境與出路。社會政策與社會工作學刊，4(2)，91-126。new window  延伸查詢new window
2.曾敏傑、林佩瑤(20051200)。我國青少年勞工的失業風險與變遷。東吳社會工作學報，13，1-43。new window  延伸查詢new window
3.劉正、趙建州(20041200)。高等教育人力之供需與回饋的變遷：高教擴張前後的比較。臺灣教育社會學研究，4(2)，1-40。new window  延伸查詢new window
4.曾敏傑、賴人豪(20030600)。高等教育勞動力低度運用的變遷：惡化或改善？。教育研究集刊，49(2)，213-254。new window  延伸查詢new window
5.林祖嘉、林建志(20020700)。大專畢業生第一份工作的工作轉換與在職搜尋--民國八十五年調查結果分析。國立政治大學學報，84，267-298。  延伸查詢new window
6.Walther, A.(2006)。Regimes of Youth Transition: Choice, Flexibility and Security in Young People's Experiences across Different European Contexts。Young，14(1)，119-139。  new window
研究報告
1.(2004)。Families and Transitions in Europe。Brussels, Belgium。  new window
學位論文
1.施承斌(2004)。社會福利機承接政府公設民營業務的考量：以非營利組織管理觀點探討，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書
1.Wihefield, A. H.、Tiggemann, M.、Winefield, H. R.、Goldney, R. D.(1993)。Growing up with Unemployment: A Longitudinal Study of its Psychological Impact。London, UK：Routledge。  new window
2.Allatt, P.、Yeandle, S.(1992)。Youth Unemployment and the Family: Voice of Disordered Times。New York, NY：Chapman and Hall Inc。  new window
3.O'Higgins, Nial(2001)。Youth Unemployment and Employment Policy: A Global Perspective。Geneva：International Labour Office。  new window
4.Petersen, A.、Mortimer, J. T.(1994)。Youth Unemployment and Society。Cambridge University Press。  new window
5.Mortimer, J.、Petersen, A.、Hess, L.、Hess, L. E.、Petersen, C. A.、Mortimer, T. J.(1994)。Youth unemployment and marginality: The Problem and the Solution。Youth Unemployment and Society。沒有紀錄。  new window
6.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(1980)。Youth Unemployment: The Causes and Consequences。Youth Unemployment: The Causes and Consequences。Paris, France。  new window
7.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(1983)。Employment Outlook。Employment Outlook。Paris, France。  new window
8.Banks, M.、Ullah, P.(1988)。Youth Unemployment in the 1980s: Its Psychological Effects。Youth Unemployment in the 1980s: Its Psychological Effects。North Ryde, Australia。  new window
9.Levitan, S. A.、Gallo, F.、Shapiro, I.(1993)。Working but Poor: Americas Contradiction。Working but Poor: Americas Contradiction。Maryland。  new window
10.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(1995)。Employment Outlook。Employment Outlook。Paris, France。  new window
11.Roberts, Kenneth(1995)。Youth and Employment in Modern Britain。Youth and Employment in Modern Britain。Oxford, UK。  new window
12.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(2000)。Employment Outlook。Employment Outlook。Paris, France。  new window
13.Mangan, John(2000)。Workers without Traditional Employment: An International Study of Non-standard Employment。Workers without Traditional Employment: An International Study of Non-standard Employment。London, UK。  new window
14.Dwyer, P.、Wyn, J.(2001)。Youth Education and Risk: Facing the Future。Youth Education and Risk: Facing the Future。London, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
15.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(2002)。OECD in Figures: Statistic on the Member Countries。OECD in Figures: Statistic on the Member Countries。Paris, France。  new window
16.Bynner, J.、Elias, P.、McKnight, A.、Pan, H.、Pierre, G.(2002)。Young People's Changing Routes to Independence。Young People's Changing Routes to Independence。0。  new window
17.Mizen, Phil.(2004)。The Changing State of Youth。The Changing State of Youth。New York, NY。  new window
18.Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development(2006)。Employment Outlook。Employment Outlook。Paris, France。  new window
19.Fend, H.(1994)。The Historical Context of Transition to Work and Youth Unemployment。Youth Unemployment and Society。Cambridge, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
20.Furlong, A.、Cartmel, F.(2003)。Unemployment, Integration and Marginalization: A Comparative Perspective on 18-to-24-years Olds in Finland, Sweden, Scotland and Spain。Youth Unemployment and Social Exclusion in Europe: A Comparative Study。Bristol, UK。  new window
21.Du Bois-Reymond, M.、Blasco, A. L.(2003)。Yo-yo Transitions and Misleading Trajectories: Towards Integrated Transition Policies for Young Adults in Europe。Young People and Contradictions of Inclusion Towards Integrated Transition Policies in Europe。Bristol, UK。  new window
22.Roberts, Ken(1997)。Is There an Emerging British 'Underclass'? the Evidence from Youth Research。Youth the 'Underclass' and Social Exclusion。London, UK/ New York, NY。  new window
23.Williamson, H.(1997)。Status Zero, Youth and the 'Underclass'。Youth the 'Underclass' and Social Exclusion。London, UK。  new window
24.Guerrero, J. T.(2001)。Comparison of Young People's Living Arrangement。Youth in Transition: Housing, Employment, Social Policies, and Families in France and Spai。Aldershot, UK。  new window
25.Stauber, B.、Walther, A.(2002)。Introduction: Youth Adult in Europe: Transition Policies and Social Chang。Misleading Trajectories: Integration Policies for Youth Adult in Europe?。Nürnberg, Germany。  new window
26.Cammarota, J. J.(2003)。Channeling Latino Youth into the Low-wage Trap: Race and Class Polarization in California。Youth and Work in the Post-industrial City of North America and Europe。Leiden, Netherlands。  new window
27.Castel, R.(2003)。Do Young People Have a Specific Relationship to Work。Youth and Work in the Post-industrial City of North America and Europe。Leiden, Netherlands。  new window
28.Tucker, S.(2004)。Youth Working: Professional Identities Given, Received or Contested。Youth in Society。London, UK。  new window
29.Barry, M,(2005)。The Inclusive Illusion of Youth Transition。Youth Policy and Social Inclusion: Critical Debates with Young People。London, UK。  new window
其他
1.ILO(2004)。World and Regional Trends in Youth Employment，Geneva：ILO。，http://www.ilo.org/public/english/employment/strat/download/mdgyth04.pdf。  new window
2.UN(2004)。World Youth Report 2003: The Global Situation of Young People，New York。，http://www.un.org/esa/socdev/unyin/wyr03.htm。  new window
3.謝文元，李易駿(2007)。不安全的就業：青年非典型就業的分析，0。  延伸查詢new window
4.李易駿，古允文。青年的不安全就業風險：一項網路調查的分析，0。  延伸查詢new window
5.(1991)。中華民國臺灣地區人力資源調查統計年報，臺北市。  延伸查詢new window
6.翁毓秀(2007)。社工員難為？，0。  延伸查詢new window
圖書論文
1.Muffels, Ruud. J. A.、Fouarge, Didier J. A. G.(2002)。Employment Regimes and Labour Market Attachment: Evidence from the ECHP。Social Exclusion in European Welfare State。Northampton, Mass：Edward Elgar Publishing。  new window
2.Pollock, G.(2002)。Ignoring the Past: Under-Employment and Risk in Late Modernity。Young People in Risk Society: The Restructuring of Youth Identities and Transitions in Late Modernity。England：Ashgate。  new window
3.Tannock, Stuart(2003)。Why Do Working Youth Work Where They Do?。Youth and Work in the Post-Industrial City of North America and Europe。Leiden：Koninklijke Brill NV。  new window
4.Walther, A.(2002)。Synopsis: The Diversity of National Transition Systems。Misleading Trajectories: Integration Policies for Youth Adult in Europe?。Opladen, Germany：Leske and Budrich。  new window
 
 
 
 
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