HIV-Infected drug addicts in correctional facilities is increasing in Taiwan. Based on data collected from 572 inmates in 4 correctional facilities this study explored the characteristics of these sort of prisoners, the treatment program, access to social support, and factors that might affect their adjustment to the facility. The results showed that inmates with a healthy sense of self do bettter physically and psychologically than others in correctional facilities, and inmates who adopt a positive attitude toward setbacks tend to adapt to situations better. Social support associated with inmates' adjustment is not significant. The conclusions suggest that the inmates should be classified according to their characteristics and provided with appropriate treatment; professionals and health care resources should be introduced to assist inmates to adapt to their illness and imprisonment and effective treatment should be proposed for longer-term HIV infected addicts.