到底tuà tiàm Formosa台灣頂頭ê人是啥物人？到底台灣人是啥款ê身分？本論文按算beh探討台語歌仔冊內底ê台灣人ê身分認同，整理比較歌仔冊內底對清國人、日本人、中國人kap台灣人ê形象描寫，分析歌仔冊對清國人、日本人、中國人kap台灣人所採取ê書寫態度。討論ê文本以發表tī 19世紀尾kàu 20世紀尾ê台語歌仔冊為主，包含《台省民主歌》、〈士林土匪仔歌〉、《義戰噍吧哖》、《昭和敗戰新歌》、《過去台灣歌》、《鄭國姓開台灣歌》、《寶島新台灣歌》、〈五十年前的事件〉、〈台灣歷史說唱〉、《歡迎祖國》、《台灣白話史詩》、《勇士為義來鬥爭—漚汪儒俠林崑岡》。透過台語歌仔冊對台灣政治ê書寫，tshiau-tshuē台灣人身分認同演變ê心路歷程。

Who, exactly, are the people living in Taiwan? What is the identity of the Taiwanese? This paper will discuss the self-identification of the Taiwanese through looking at kua-a-tsheh (song books), to organize and compare the portrayals of the Manchus, the Japanese, Chinese and Taiwanese and analyze the mindset and ideology of kua-a-tsheh writers in regard to these different labels. The texts examined mostly consist of Taiwanese Kua-a-tsheh from the 19th to 20th century, that contain descriptions of the standoff between the people and the authority, the police and citizenry, and the change in power authority. Through the political writing of some Taiwanese kua-a-tsheh, we look for the process of the evolution of Taiwanese self-identity. Tha paper also examines how change in power in 1895 and 1945 is viewed through the interpretive angle of history.