《孟子》一書在北宋升格為十三經之一，並且受到士人的重視與尊崇。理學家重視《孟子》一書中性善、養氣之說，取以為闡發理學的重要依據，而作為理學批評對象的新學王安石，對孟子的仰慕之情也溢於言表。本文希望深入二程與王安石在《孟子》觀點上的異同，了解何以北宋思潮的兩大陣營在對《孟子》的尊崇上有志一同。首先注意到二方所以推尊《孟子》之處有一內一外的不同，二程重視孟子對人性的闡發，而王安石則心儀孟子以道自任的風範。然而二程與王安石並非「得一察焉以自好」的一曲之士，他們各有完整的內聖外王之說，同時仍然不離於《孟子》的思想資源。透過這一點，方足以了解《孟子》豐厚的文化養分如何可以孕育一個時代中兩種關懷不同的思潮，從而了解經典作為文化根源的特點

Mencius was not called a classic till Sung dynasty. Only after highly recommend by intellectuals like Wang An-Shih and the Cheng Brothers in North-Sung, Mencius became an important classic in China’s history. However, the two sides of intellectuals actually held rival political opinions, even their thoughts were basically different. This article try to find out why and how Wang and Cheng paid respects to Mencius. First figure out the two sides was actually attracted by different part of Mencius. Wang praised the heroism side of Mencius, while Cheng bros recommended Mencius’s insight to human nature. This does not mean they didn’t know Mencius perfectly. The second part of this article further research what opinions the two sides held in their rival parts, and found out they just had different ways in comprehend Mencius. This shows how Mencius nurtured thoughts of North-sung as a lively eternal classic