Statistics from the Tourism Bureau show that night markets are must-visit spots for many tourists who come to Taiwan. However, the influx of the crowds to night markets brings about dirty environments, poor air quality, crowded areas, traffic congestion and other problems. These problems may affect the health and environmental quality of nearby residents. A question that needs to be answered is that under different contexts, whether residents take different stances towards tourist night markets and whether such different stances determine the residents' health and environment quality. A structured questionnaire, incorporating the health scale and environment quality scale, was used in this study. The location is the Luzhou night market. The participants were nearby residents who lived within 50 meters of the night markets as determined by the night market management committee. Through the purposive sampling approach, a total of 248 valid questionnaires were collected. The study found that the summary of the residents' physical health in descending order is the physiological function, bodily pain, physical role, and general health; the summary of their mental health in descending order is vitality, mental health, social functioning, and emotional role. The ranking of the residents' satisfaction of environmental quality in order, is convenience, health, safety, and amenity. The results showed that there was significant difference of the health and environmental quality between residents with different attitudes towards tourist night markets. In addition, residents' different stances towards tourist night markets were found to have significant effect on physical role and bodily pain concerning physical health, and on emotional role concerning mental health. Their different stances also showed significant effect on safety and amenity but not on health and convenience. Therefore, it is suggested that the relevant organizations should be more aware and take care of strengthen counseling residents' emotions towards the night markets and improve their living conditions and amenity. Such measures will then effectively help tourist night markets to gain support from nearby residents.