There were different streams of ideas of social welfare in Hong Kong in the 1970s, namely, the colonial Hong Kong Government who took social welfare as a tool for social integration, the indigenous traditional voluntary organizations who regarded it as a supplement for their social networks, and foreign voluntary organizations who held it for social reform. After a process of competition and administrative absorption, the colonial government transformed its passive role and developed an extensive social welfare system in Hong Kong. Notwithstanding their great contributions to the growth of social welfare, there is a dearth of research on the non-government organizations' development. The authors hence suggest that students of social policy should conduct more case studies on these organizations and also other mutual-aid groups in Hong Kong.