行政院為考量醫療上應立即評估進行預防性投藥或治療之必要性，於2014年4月提出「人類免疫缺乏病毒傳染防治及感染者權益保障條例部分條文修正草案」，增訂第15條之1無需取得受檢查人或其法定代理人同意，即得採集檢體進行人類免疫缺乏病毒檢測。「人類免疫缺乏病毒傳染防治及感染者權益保障條例」其他與疑似感染人類免疫缺乏病毒檢驗相關之現行條文有第11條、第15條及第18條。其中第11條係對檢體之檢驗、第18條於本次修法已刪除。第15條與本次修正草案第15條之1均是對疑似人類免疫缺乏病毒感染者之採驗，第15條屬於強制篩檢而第15條之1屬於即時強制，本文對此二條文進行檢討後，提出修法建議。

In consideration of the necessity to take instant evaluation for postexposure prophylaxis, in April 2014 the Executive Yuan presented the ＂draft Amendments to the HIV Infection Control and Patient Rights Protection Act,＂ and an additional Article 15-1. To collect the specimen for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing, it does not require the permissions from inspected people or their legal representatives before the inspection. Article 15 of ＂HIV Infection Control and Patient Rights Protection Act＂ is a kind of mandatory screening, whereas Article 15-1 is instantaneously compulsory action. In this paper, we review the two provisions, and propose amendment to the law.