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題名：被動性社交網站使用與自尊和自我概念清晰性：有調節的中介模型
書刊名：心理學報
作者：劉慶奇／牛更楓／范翠英／周宗奎
出版日期：2017
卷期：2017(1)
頁次：60-71
主題關鍵詞：被動性社交網站使用；上行社會比較；自尊；自我概念清晰性；樂觀；Passive use of social network site；Upward social comparison；Self-esteem；Self-concept clarity；Optimism
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為探討被動性社交網站使用對自尊和自我概念清晰性的影響及其作用機制,在社會比較理論和樂觀的保護性作用的視角下,采用問卷法對1208名大學生進行調查。結果表明:(1)被動性社交網站使用對自尊沒有直接的預測作用,但能通過上行社會比較的中介作用負向預測自尊;(2)被動性社交網站使用不僅能夠直接負向預測自我概念清晰性,還能通過上行社會比較的中介作用對其產生影響;(3)上行社會比較的中介效應受到樂觀的調節,相對于樂觀水平高的個體,間接效應在樂觀水平低的個體中更為顯著;(4)此外,在樂觀水平高的個體中,上行社會比較對自尊的負向預測作用以及上行社會比較在被動性社交網站使用與自尊之間的中介作用都不顯著,但是上行社會比較對自我概念清晰性的負向預測作用以及上行社會比較在被動性使用與自我概念清晰性之間的中介作用仍然顯著。研究結果有助于揭示被動性社交網站使用行為對自尊以及自我概念清晰性的影響及其作用機制,對維護與促進個體自我概念健康發展有一定啟示意義。
Activities on social network site can be classified into two main types:active use and passive use. Previous studies revealed that active use of social network site, such as self-presentation and self-disclosure, could enhance social capital, self-esteem and life satisfaction, as well as reduce loneliness. On the contrary, passive use of social network site could exert adverse effects on emotional well-being and life satisfaction, and might lead to depression. However, little is known about the effect of passive use of social network site on self-concept, in particular, effects on self-esteem and self-concept clarity. Passive use of social network site exposes individuals to a lot of positive information of others, which may result in upward social comparison. Upward social comparison in turn negatively impacts individuals’ self-esteem and self-concept clarity. But individuals are not equally influenced by upward social comparison. Optimism, as an important personality trait, may impact the way individuals process information of upward social comparison and thus alleviates the negative effects of upward social comparison. Therefore, the present study aimed to examine the mediating roles of upward social comparison in the effects of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity. The study would also test whether the mediating effects of upward social comparison would be moderated by optimism. A sample of 1208 undergraduate students(mean age = 19.86; SD = 1.26) were recruited for the study to complete a battery of self-report questionnaires measuring their passive use of social network site, up ward socialcomparison on social network site, self-esteem, self-concept clarity and optimism. All the measures showed good reliability and validity in the present study. Data were analyzed using SPSS 17.0 and SPSS macro PROCESS which was specifically developed for assessing the complex models including both mediators and moderators with the bias-corrected percentile Bootstrap method. The results were as followings:(1) After controlling for gender, grade and mean time of social network site use per day, passive use of social network site had no significant direct effect on self-esteem. But it could negatively predict self-esteem through the mediation of upward social comparison.(2) Passive use of social network site had significant effect on self-concept clarity, and could also negatively predict self-concept clarity through upward social comparison.(3) The mediating effects of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-esteem and between passive use of social network site and self-concept clarity were both moderated by optimism. The indirect effects were stronger for individuals with a low level of optimism.(4) For individuals with a high level of optimism, the direct effect of upward social comparison on self-esteem and the mediating effect of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-esteem were not statistically significant. But the direct effect of upward social comparison on self-concept clarity and the mediating effect of upward social comparison in the association between passive use of social network site and self-concept clarity were both significant. The present study highlights the mediating effect of upward social comparison and the moder ating effect of optimism in the effect of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity. It may contribute to a better understanding of the effects, mechanisms, and the conditions of passive use of social network site on self-esteem and self-concept clarity.
期刊論文
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圖書論文
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