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題名:國民小學實施協同教學之研究
作者:鄭博真 引用關係
作者(外文):Bor-Jen Jeng
校院名稱:國立高雄師範大學
系所名稱:教育學系
指導教授:張新仁
學位類別:博士
出版日期:2002
主題關鍵詞:協同教學教學小組協同教學認知協同教學態度Team TeachingTeaching TeamTeam Teaching PerceptionTeam Teaching Attitude
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本研究主要探討國民小學協同教學的運作歷程、實施成效與缺失、影響因素,以及國小教師的協同教學認知與態度。採取個案研究和調查研究。個案研究部份,立意選取兩所國民小學為對象,進行為期約一個學年度的現場觀察、訪談和文件蒐集。調查研究部份,採分層隨機取樣,選取我國國民小學1200位教師為樣本,研究工具為研究者自編的「國民小學教師協同教學認知與態度調查問卷」。本研究獲得以下結論:
1、就行政領導而言。(1)兩所個案國小的協同教學實施方式包含由上而下和下而上兩種。問卷調查中多數教師反應宜依教師自願自行擬定計畫實施。(2)兩所個案國小的教學小組編組均先由行政單位和教師協商編組原則,再授權教師協調組成。問卷調查中教師認為最可行的編組方式是依教學需要彈性組成。(3)兩所個案國小包含跨班級教學小組和跨年級教學小組,問卷調查結果與其相似。(4)兩所個案國小的支援配套措施主要提供教學場所、媒體設備、協商時間安排等。
2、就計畫準備而言。(1)兩所個案國小均安排每星期一個下午的學年共同時段進行協同教學計畫檢討,其中一所由學年教師安排;另一所由學校規定。問卷調查中多數教師反應宜由教學小組視需要自行安排時間。(2)兩所個案國小均由教務處事先與教師協商,安排班群教學時間,並授權視實際需要彈性調整。問卷調查中多數教師反應宜授權教學小自行調整課表安排協同教學時段。(3)兩所個案國小教學小組分工大致依教師專長和興趣,並考慮平均分擔原則。
3、就協同教學實施而言,(1)兩所個案國小均偏向採取大團體教學和原班級教學。問卷調查中多數教師主張將協同教學班級混合後重新分成小組,其次是維持原來班級規模。(2),兩所個案國小在生活課程、綜合活動及統整課程的自編教材實施協同教學。問卷調查中五成以上教師認為交換教學可行領域依序為:藝術與人文、鄉土語言、健康與體育、英語、自然與生活科技。循環教學依序為:藝術與人文、健康與體育、鄉土語言、自然與生活科技。聯絡教學依序為:數學、國語文、英語。
4、就學習評量而言,兩所個案國小第二次月考均以協同合作方式進行過關評量,而在平時的協同教學課程部分,仍維持由原級任教師評量。問卷調查中多數教師則主張由協同教學小組共同進行評量。
5、就評鑑檢討而言,兩所個案國小學年教師利用共同會議時間,做教學分享和檢討。問卷調查中教師認為協同教學評鑑最不容易做到。
6、實施協同教學在教師和教學小組、學生、課程、學校行政,以及家長等方面產生一些成效,也造成一些缺失。
7、影響協同教學成效的因素,包括學校行政、教師、教學小組、學生、課程和校外等六大因素。
8、國小教師肯定協同教學影響因素和專業能力的重要性;評估學校目前實施協同教學的條件偏向適中;自我評估協同教學的專業能力偏向充足;對協同教學具有正向態度;不同背景國小教師的協同教學認知和態度存在一些差異。
最後,研究者根據研究結果,提出一套協同教學運作歷程模式,並針對實務和未來研究提出幾點建議。
The Study of Team Teaching Implementing in Elementary Schools
Bor-Jen Jeng
The purpose of this study was to explore the operational process, results, drawbacks and affecting factors of team teaching implementing in elementary schools and teachers’ perception and attitudes. The study combined a case study and a survey study. The purposeful sampling method was used to select two elementary schools in the case study. The researcher collected data through observing, interviewing, and documenting for one school year in the two elementary schools. A stratified random selecting procedure was used in the survey study. The sample size was 1200. A questionnaire was developed to implement the survey.
The conclusions were stated as the following:
1.As for the administrative leading: (1)There were a bottom-up way and a top-down way in the two elementary schools. The survey study indicates most of the teachers thought the most feasible way was the team teaching plan developed by the teachers’ own accord. (2)The administrative department negotiated with the teachers and then empowered the teachers to organize teaching teams in the two elementary schools . The survey study shows 53% of the teachers thought the most practical way of forming teaching team were according to teaching needs.(3)The across classes and across grades teaching team was developed in the two elementary schools. The questionnaire survey reveals similar results.(4)There were a few supports for the teachers included providing teaching place and equipments, and arranging the same time for team teaching.
2.As for the team teaching planning:(1) Providing the same time for planning and evaluating and arranging the same time for team teaching in the two elementary schools. The survey study shows most of the teachers thought the most practice way were that planning and evaluating time was arranged according to teaching needs, and the schedule should be adjusted by the teaching team. (2)Work allocating was done according to teachers’ specialties interests as well as fair principles.
3.As for the team teaching instruction: The big group and homeroom class instruction were adapted in the two elementary schools. The questionnaire survey reveals that most of the teachers agreed the team teaching classes should be mixed first and then divided into new groups. Keeping the original class model was the teachers’ second choice. The two schools implemented team teaching in the self editing part of teaching materials for life curriculum, activity curriculum and integrated curriculum .The survey study points more than 50% of the teachers thought the most practical exchanging teaching learning areas in turns were Arts and Humanism, Local language, Health and Physical education, English language, Nature and Technique; the most practical taking turn teaching learning areas in turns were Arts and Humanism, Health and Physical education, Local language, Nature and Technique; the most practical associating teaching learning areas in turns were Mathematics, Language, English language.
4.As for the team teaching assessment: The teachers collaborated implementing passing stage in the second monthly examination, but the assessing of team teaching kept by home room teachers. The survey study points out that most of the teachers thought the assessment should be done by the whole teaching team.
5. As for the team teaching evaluation: The teachers sharing and evaluating teaching at the grade meeting time. The survey study points the teachers thought the team teaching evaluation was the most difficultly part.
6.There were some advantages than disadvantages for the teachers and the teaching team, the students, the curriculum, the school administration, and the parents in terms of team teaching implementing.
7.There were some factors affecting team teaching, such as school administration, teachers, teaching team, students, and external.
8.The elementary school teachers approved the team teaching affecting factors and professional teaching abilities were important. The schools’ conditions in terms of team teaching affecting factors tended to be ordinary. The teachers assessed the abilities of team teaching tended to be enough. The teachers’ self-assessment toward team teaching was positive. There were some differences of team teaching perception and attitudes existed in the teachers with different background.
Based on the conclusions, the model of team teaching operating processes and a few suggestions for the implementation of team teaching in the elementary schools and future research were proposed.
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鄭博真(民90):九年一貫課程試辦學校實施協同教學之調查研究。輯於嘉南藥理科技大學教育學程中心主編《課程革新與教學創新論文集》。台南:嘉南藥理科技大學教育學程中心。new window
謝瑞榮(民88):教師成長團體之協同行動研究。國立花蓮師範學院國民教育研究所。未出版。
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